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NEUROLOGY 1975;25:255
© 1975 American Academy of Neurology

Serum clonazepam concentrations in children with absence seizures

FRITZ E. DREIFUSS, M.B., M.R.C.P., F.R.A.C.P., J. KIFFIN PENRY, M.D., STEPHEN W. ROSE, M.D., HARVEY J. KUPFERBERG, Ph.D., PAUL DYKEN, M.D. and S. SATO, M.D.

Section on Epilepsy, Applied Neurologic Research Branch, Collaborative and Field Research, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland; the Department of Neurology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville; and the Department of Neurology, University of Georgia School of Medicine, Augusta.

Clonazepam, a chlorinated derivative of nitrazepam, was administered to 10 children with absence seizures. Serum concentrations were measured after 8 weeks of treatment, at steady state. Seizure frequency reports and the 12-hour telemetered electroencephalogram were studied before and after 8 weeks of treatment to determine the frequency and duration of generalized spike-wave paroxysms. The clonazepam dosage ranged from 0.028 to 0.111 mg per kilogram and was reflected in serum levels ranging from 13 to 72 ng per milliliter, with an excellent correlation between dose and serum level. Eight of the 10 patients showed a significant decrease in seizure frequency, with three experiencing no seizures at all. Six patients had side effects, predominantly drowsiness and ataxia. This preliminary study shows clonazepam to be useful in the treatment of absence seizures in children and to merit further study.

This paper was read at the twenty-sixth annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, San Francisco, April 1974.

This work was supported by NINDS contracts NIH-69–2169 and NIH-69–2196 and by grant RR-304 from the General Clinical Research Centers Program of the NIH Division of Research Resources.

Received for publication August 13, 1974.

Dr. Penry's address is Building 36, Room 5D-10, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20014.




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