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Relation between size of compound sensory or muscle action potentials, and length of nerve segment

Division of Clinical Electrophysiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Iowa City, IA.

In 24 median nerves from 12 healthy subjects, antidromic digital sensory potentials progressively diminished in size, averaging 40.4,37.0, 30.7, and 23.9 µV x msec with stimulation at the palm, wrist, elbow, and axilla, respectively. In contrast, compound muscle action potentials changed minimally, measuring 19.4, 19.8,19.0, and 18.2 mV x msec, respectively. Similar studies of the ulnar and radial nerves showed identical trends. Physiologic temporal dispersion can mimic conduction block of sensory nerves by summating the peaks of opposite polarity generated by fast- and slow-conducting axons. This type of cancellation affects muscle responses much less because motor unit potentials of longer duration superimpose nearly in phase, given the same latency shift as the sensory potentials.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Kimura. Division of Clinical Electrophysiology, 0181RC P, U niversity of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Iowa City, IA 52242.

Presented in part at the thirty-seventh annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Dallas, TX, April 1985.

Accepted for publication September 27, 1985.

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