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Retrograde transport and differential accumulation of serum proteins in motor neurons

Implications for motor neuron diseases

Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Diseases, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

We found immunocytochemical evidence of serum albumin and immunoglobulin G in motor neurons of rats under physiologic conditions, but not when axoplasmic flow was abolished. The amount of serum proteins was highest in somatic motor neurons of the spinal anterior horn, nucleus ambiguus, and trigeminal motor nucleus; less in hypoglossal and facial neurons; and sparse in preganglionic autonomic, oculomotor, and hypothalamic neurons. Toxic or trophic substances, bound to serum proteins, could also be incorporated into motor neurons. Quantitative differences in accumulation paralleled the selective vulnerability of somatic motor neurons in motor neuron diseases.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Yamamoto, Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Diseases, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1–1 Seiryo-Machi, Sendai 980, Japan.

Supported by grants-in-aid from the Ministry of Health and Welfare for "Intractable Neumimmunological Diseases" and from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (Project 60480219), Japan.

Received May 19, 1986. Accepted for publication in final form August 27, 1986.

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