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Degeneration of trigeminal ganglion neurons caused by retrograde axonal transport of doxorubicin

Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Neurology (Dr. Bigotte), Hospital dos Capuchos—Hospitais Civis de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; and the Laboratory of Neuropathology (Dr. Olsson), Institute of Pathology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.

Selective nerve cell degeneration was induced in the trigeminal ganglion of the mouse by injecting doxorubicin (Adriamycin) around intact sensory nerve terminals of the head. The drug apparently reached the neurons by retrograde axonal transport after its uptake in nerve branches. A direct fluorescence microscopic method revealed that the compound accumulated in the neurons. Electronmicroscopy showed degeneration of these cells, beginning in the nucleolus and the nucleus. Doxorubicin injected around sensory nerve terminals appears to be a useful compound for selective destruction of mouse sensory neurons. Retrograde axonal transport of neurotoxic compounds is probably an important pathogenetic mechanism in certain forms of intoxication which give rise to lesions in the nervous system.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Bigotte de Almeida, Lab. Neuropatologia, Servico de Neurologia, Hospital Dos Capuchos—Hospitais Civis de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

Supported by grants from The Swedish Medical Research Council (project 12X-03020), The Swedish Medical Society, Socialstyrelsen, Ahléns, Bergwalls, Trygg Hansa, and Söderbergs stiftelser.

Received March 7, 1986. Accepted for publication in final form September 25, 1986.

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