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Identification of mononuclear cells in CSF of patients with HIV infection

Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.(Dr. McArthur, Mr. Sipos, Dr. Cornblath, Ms. Welch, Ms. Chupp, and Dr. Johnson)
Department of Medicine (Dr. Griffin), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Using immunocytochemical methods, CSF lymphocyte subpopulations were examined in different neurologic disorders associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. CSF pleocytosis was observed in asymptomatic neurologically normal subjects, in patients with aseptic meningitis, and those with inflammatory demyelinating neuropathies, but infrequently in subjects with AIDS dementia complex. The distribution of CSF lymphocyte subpopulations in HIV-infected patients differed from control subjects showing decreases in percentages of T helper (CD4) cells and increases in T suppressor (CD8) cells. Peripheral blood and CSF CD4: CD8 ratios were inverted in all of the neurologic disorders studied. In all disorders, the changes in CSF composition of mononuclear cells paralleled alterations in peripheral blood and in patients with AIDS dementia complex, there was a relationship between the severity of dementia and blood and CSF CD4 lymphocyte proportions.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. McArthur, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Meyer 6–109, Baltimore, MD 21205.

Supported by USPHS grants NS23936 and NS22849, research contracts AI32520 and 72634, and the NIH-funded GCRC 5MO1RR00722.

Received September 30, 1987. Accepted for publication in final form June 30, 1988.

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