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NEUROLOGY 1989;39:1349
© 1989 American Academy of Neurology

Serial quantitative CT analysis of brain morphometrics in adult Down's syndrome at different ages

M. B. Schapiro, MD, J. S. Luxenberg, MD, J. A. Kaye, MD, J. V. Haxby, PhD, R. P. Friedland, MD and S. I. Rapoport, MD

Laboratory of Neurosciences, Section on Brain Aging and Dementia, National Institute on Aging, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD.

Quantitative CT demonstrated increased CSF and 3rd ventricular volumes, and decreased gray matter and white matter volume, in older (>45 years) Down's syndrome (DS) adults with dementia as compared with younger DS adults. Serial CT studies repeated after periods of up to 2 years demonstrated significant progressive cerebral atrophy. Older DS adults without dementia, but with cognitive decline, did not show cerebral atrophy as compared with young DS subjects. These results suggest brain atrophy must be present to accompany dementia in older DS subjects, despite the presence of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in all older subjects. The Alzheimer's disease process in DS may occur in 2 stages, the 1st with neuropathology and cognitive decline, the 2nd with additional cerebral atrophy and dementia.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Schapiro, Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Building 10, Room 6C414, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.

Received January 17, 1989. Accepted for publication in final form April 18, 1989.




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