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Environmental factors and Parkinson's disease

A case-control study in China

Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL(Drs. Tanner and Goetz, and Ms. Kao)
Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL (Mr. Gilley)
Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat Sen Medical University, Guangzhou, (Drs. Chen, Liu, and Liang)
Department of Neuroepidemiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China (Drs. Wang and Peng)
Neuroepidemiology Branch, National Institute for Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. (Dr. Schoenberg)

We studied the role of environment in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) in China, where industrialization is relatively recent and the population geographically stable. Using a case-control method, we investigated the relationship between PD and exposure to the following factors before disease onset: place of residence, source of drinking water, environmental and occupational exposure to various agricultural and industrial processes. Occupational or residential exposure to industrial chemicals, printing plants, or quarries was associated with an increased risk of developing PD. In contrast, living in villages and exposure to the common accompaniments of village life, wheat growing and pig raising, were associated with a decreased risk for PD. PD cases and controls did not differ with respect to other factors investigated. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that environmental exposure to certain industrial chemicals may be related to the development of PD.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Tanner, Neurological Sciences, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, 1725 West Harrison, Chicago, IL 60612.

*Deceased.

Supported in part by grants from the United Parkinson's Foundation and the Boothroyd Foundation.

Received July 15, 1988. Accepted for publication in final form November 21, 1988.

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