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Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Dr. Morrie)
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (Drs. Heyman, Fillenbaum. and Clark)
Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (Dr. Mob)
University of Washington, Seattle, WA (J.P. Hughesand Dr. van Belle)
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (Dr. Mellita)
The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) has developed brief, comprehensive, and reliable batteries of clinical and neuropsychological tests for assessment of patients with the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We administered these batteries in a standardized manner to more than 350 subjects with a diagnosis of AD and 275 control subjects who were enrolled in a nationwide registry by a consortium of 16 university medical centers. The tests selected for this study measured the primary cognitive manifestations of AD across a range of severity of the disorder, and discriminated between normal subjects and those with mild and moderate dementia. The batteries also detected deterioration of language, memory, praxis, and general intellectual status in subjects returning for reassessment 1 year later. Interrater and testretest reliabilities were substantial. Long-term observations of this cohort are in progress in an effort to validate the clinical and neuropsychological assessments and to confirm the diagnosis by postmortem examinations. Although information on validation is limited thus far, the CERAD batteries appear to fill a need for a standardized, easily administered, and reliable instrument for evaluating persons with AD in multicenter research studies as well as in clinical practice.
Address correspondence and reprint requeata to Dr. Morris. Department of Neurology, Box 81 11, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid. St.Louis. MO 63110.
Supported by NIA gmnt AGO6790.
Presented in part at the fortieth annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Cincinnati, OH, April 1988.
Received March 16,1989. Accepted for publication in final form March 17, 1989.
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 C. R. Bowie, C. Fallon, and P. D. Harvey Convergence of Clinical Staff Ratings and Research Ratings to Assess Patients With Schizophrenia in Nursing Homes Psychiatr Serv, June 1, 2006; 57(6): 838 - 843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. M. Callahan, M. A. Boustani, F. W. Unverzagt, M. G. Austrom, T. M. Damush, A. J. Perkins, B. A. Fultz, S. L. Hui, S. R. Counsell, and H. C. Hendrie Effectiveness of collaborative care for older adults with Alzheimer disease in primary care: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, May 10, 2006; 295(18): 2148 - 2157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Y. Lee, I. H. Choo, K. W. Kim, J. H. Jhoo, J. C. Youn, U. Y. Lee, and J. I. Woo White Matter Changes Associated With Psychotic Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease Patients J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, May 1, 2006; 18(2): 191 - 198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. L. W. Bokde, P. Lopez-Bayo, T. Meindl, S. Pechler, C. Born, F. Faltraco, S. J. Teipel, H.-J. Moller, and H. Hampel Functional connectivity of the fusiform gyrus during a face-matching task in subjects with mild cognitive impairment Brain, May 1, 2006; 129(5): 1113 - 1124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. A Espeland, S. R Rapp, J. Robertson, I. Granek, C. Murphy, M. Albert, and T. Bassford Benchmarks for designing two-stage studies using modified mini-mental state examinations: experience from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study Clinical Trials, April 1, 2006; 3(2): 99 - 106. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group Cognitive Impairment in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 16. Arch Ophthalmol, April 1, 2006; 124(4): 537 - 543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. R. Bowie, A. Reichenberg, T. L. Patterson, R. K. Heaton, and P. D. Harvey Determinants of Real-World Functional Performance in Schizophrenia Subjects: Correlations With Cognition, Functional Capacity, and Symptoms Am J Psychiatry, March 1, 2006; 163(3): 418 - 425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. A. Crowell, J. Paramadevan, L. Abdullah, and M. Mullan Beneficial Effect of Cholinesterase Inhibitor Medications on Recognition Memory Performance in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: Preliminary Findings J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, March 1, 2006; 19(1): 13 - 15. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 D. F. Edwards, M. G. Hahn, C. M. Baum, M. S. Perlmutter, C. Sheedy, and A. W. Dromerick Screening Patients with Stroke for Rehabilitation Needs: Validation of the Post-Stroke Rehabilitation Guidelines Neurorehabil Neural Repair, March 1, 2006; 20(1): 42 - 48. [Abstract] [PDF]
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A. J. Ross, P. S. Sachdev, W. Wen, and H. Brodaty Longitudinal changes during aging using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., March 1, 2006; 61(3): 291 - 298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z. Arvanitakis, R. S. Wilson, Y. Li, N. T. Aggarwal, and D. A. Bennett Diabetes and Function in Different Cognitive Systems in Older Individuals Without Dementia. Diabetes Care, March 1, 2006; 29(3): 560 - 565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. S. Saczynski, L. A. Pfeifer, K. Masaki, E. S. C. Korf, D. Laurin, L. White, and L. J. Launer The Effect of Social Engagement on Incident Dementia: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study Am. J. Epidemiol., March 1, 2006; 163(5): 433 - 440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. C. Steffens, E. Otey, G. S. Alexopoulos, M. A. Butters, B. Cuthbert, M. Ganguli, Y. E. Geda, H. C. Hendrie, R. R. Krishnan, A. Kumar, et al. Perspectives on Depression, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Cognitive Decline Arch Gen Psychiatry, February 1, 2006; 63(2): 130 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Ganguli, Y. Du, H. H. Dodge, G. G. Ratcliff, and C.-C. H. Chang Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Decline in Late Life: A Prospective Epidemiological Study Arch Gen Psychiatry, February 1, 2006; 63(2): 153 - 160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. R. Markesbery, F. A. Schmitt, R. J. Kryscio, D. G. Davis, C. D. Smith, and D. R. Wekstein Neuropathologic Substrate of Mild Cognitive Impairment Arch Neurol, January 1, 2006; 63(1): 38 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. A. Boyle, R. S. Wilson, N. T. Aggarwal, Z. Arvanitakis, J. Kelly, J. L. Bienias, and D. A. Bennett Parkinsonian signs in subjects with mild cognitive impairment Neurology, December 27, 2005; 65(12): 1901 - 1906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. F. Jarvik, A. La Rue, I. Gokhman, T. Harrison, L. Holt, B. Steh, J. Harker, S. Larson, P. Yaralian, S. Matsuyama, et al. Middle-Aged Children of Alzheimer Parents, A Pilot Study: Stable Neurocognitive Performance at 20-Year Follow-up J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, December 1, 2005; 18(4): 187 - 191. [Abstract] [PDF]
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M. Gatz, A. Fiske, C. A. Reynolds, B. Johansson, L. Fratiglioni, and N. L. Pedersen Performance on Neurocognitive Tests by Co-twins to Dementia Cases Compared to Normal Control Twins J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, December 1, 2005; 18(4): 202 - 207. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 G. G Fillenbaum, M. N Kuchibhatla, J. T Hanlon, M. B Artz, C. F Pieper, K. E Schmader, M. W Dysken, and S. L Gray Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease in Community-Dwelling Elders Taking Vitamin C and/or Vitamin E Ann. Pharmacother., December 1, 2005; 39(12): 2009 - 2014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. A Boothby and P. L Doering Vitamin C and Vitamin E for Alzheimer's Disease Ann. Pharmacother., December 1, 2005; 39(12): 2073 - 2079. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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