HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Correspondence: Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when Correspondence are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Holman, R. C. Articles by Hooper, W. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Holman, R. C. Articles by Hooper, W. C.

Epidemiology of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the United States

Analysis of national mortality and AIDS surveillance data

Division of Immunologic, Oncologic, and Hematologic Diseases (R.C. Holman, M.T. Zelasky, and Dr. Hooper) and the Division of HIV/AIDS (Drs. Janssen and Buehler), Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA.

We analyzed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) mortality data from 1979 to 1987 and data on persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Based on analyses of multiple-cause-of-death vital statistics, deaths related to PML have increased fourfold from 1.5/10,000,000 persons in 1979 to 6.1/10,000,000 persons in 1987. The increase in the PML annual death rate began in 1984, occurred primarily in men 20 to 49 years of age, and was greatest in states known to have a high incidence of AIDS. In 1987, 56% of death certificates that listed PML as a cause of death also listed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Analysis of AIDS case reports to the CDC from 1981 through June 1990 demonstrated that 0.72% of persons with AIDS were reported as having PML. Although most persons with AIDS who had PML were 20 to 49 years of age (84.6%), PML was reported more frequently among persons with AIDS <50 years old than <50 years old. In addition, PML was reported more frequently among persons with AIDS who were exposed to HIV by blood transfusion than those in all other exposure categories. These data demonstrate that the increase in PML mortality from 1979 to 1987 was associated with the large increase in immunosuppressed persons with AIDS.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Robert C. Holman, CID, Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop D02, Atlanta, GA 30333.

Received April 1, 1991. Accepted for publication in final form May 6, 1991.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. D. Korman, K. L. Tyler, and N. J. Korman Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, Efalizumab, and Immunosuppression: A Cautionary Tale for Dermatologists Arch Dermatol, August 1, 2009; 145(8): 937 - 942. [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. Aschermann, E. Gomori, G. G. Kovacs, E. Pal, G. Simon, S. Komoly, L. Marodi, and Z. Illes X-linked Hyper-IgM Syndrome Associated With a Rapid Course of Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Arch Neurol, February 1, 2007; 64(2): 273 - 276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Shah and P. Chudgar Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Presenting as Intractable Dystonia in an HIV-Infected Child J Trop Pediatr, December 1, 2005; 51(6): 380 - 382. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Van Assche, M. Van Ranst, R. Sciot, B. Dubois, S. Vermeire, M. Noman, J. Verbeeck, K. Geboes, W. Robberecht, and P. Rutgeerts Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy after Natalizumab Therapy for Crohn's Disease N. Engl. J. Med., July 28, 2005; 353(4): 362 - 368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. M. Whiley, I. M. Mackay, and T. P. Sloots Detection and Differentiation of Human Polyomaviruses JC and BK by LightCycler PCR J. Clin. Microbiol., December 1, 2001; 39(12): 4357 - 4361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Sala, J.-P. Vartanian, P. Kousignian, J.-F. Delfraissy, Y. Taoufik, S. Wain-Hobson, and J. Gasnault Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients: absence of correlation between JC virus neurovirulence and polymorphisms in the transcriptional control region and the major capsid protein loci J. Gen. Virol., April 1, 2001; 82(4): 899 - 907. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. Ernst, L. Chang, M. Witt, I. Walot, H. Aronow, M. Leonido-Yee, and E. Singer Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Human Immunodeficiency Virus–associated White Matter Lesions in AIDS: Magnetization Transfer MR Imaging Radiology, February 1, 1999; 210(2): 539 - 543. [Abstract] [Full Text]