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From the Division of Cell and Molecular Biology (T.L. Keller), Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Dr. Halperin), SUNY, Stony Brook, NY; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Dr. Whitman), Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a method useful in the detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in vitro, to evaluate CSF in patients thought to have neuroborreliosis. Nested pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to recognize the C-terminal region of B burgdorferi OspA. CSF samples were obtained from (1) patients with immunologic evidence of systemic B burgdorferi infection and clinical manifestations suggestive of CNS dysfunction, (2) seronegative patients with clinical disorders consistent with Lyme borreliosis, and (3) patient and contamination controls; all were analyzed in a blinded fashion. PCR detected B burgdorferi OspA DNA in CSF of (1) 10 of 11 patients with Lyme encephalopathy, (2) 28 of 37 patients with inflammatory CNS disease, (3) seven of seven seronegative patients with Lyme-compatible disorders, and (4) zero of 23 patient controls. Zero of 83 additional contamination controls were PCR-positive. In eight patients from whom we obtained CSF before and after parenteral antimicrobial therapy, PCR results invariably predicted clinical outcome accurately.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Malcolm Whitman, Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Supported in part by grants from New York State and from the EEL Association for Lyme Disease Research. Dr. Whitman is a recipient of a Lucille P. Markey Scholar Award in Biomedical Science.
Received June 11, 1991. Accepted for publication in final form July 26, 1991.
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