| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center (Drs. Richards, Stern, and Mayeux) and the Departments of Neurology (Drs. Richards, Stern, and Mayeux) and Psychiatry (Drs. Stern and Mayeux), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
To assess the significance of mild extrapyramidal signs (EPSs) in aging, we prospectively followed 228 elderly individuals without dementia or major neurologic disease at baseline. Seventy-three (32%) showed mild idiopathic EPSs at baseline assessment and 32 (14%) of these 228 individuals met NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable or possible Alzheimer's disease on follow-up. While none of these individuals developed Parkinson's disease, those with more than one EPS at baseline were significantly more likely to become demented during follow-up than were those with one or no EPS, an association not confounded by age, education, or gender. Individuals with more than one EPS and with cognitive impairment (CI) at baseline were at highest risk for dementia. EPSs were also independently associated with incident dementia in the absence of CI at baseline. We conclude that mild EPSs are a significant predictor of dementia in elderly individuals.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Richard Mayeux, Gertrude H. Sergevsky Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032
Supported in part by federal grants AG07232, AG10963, AG08702, and RR00645, by the Parkinson's Disease Foundation of New York, and the Charles S. Robertson Gift for Alzheimer's Disease.
Received February 12, 1993. Accepted for publication in final form April 25, 1993.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. A. Boyle, A. S. Buchman, R. S. Wilson, S. E. Leurgans, and D. A. Bennett Association of Muscle Strength With the Risk of Alzheimer Disease and the Rate of Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Persons Arch Neurol, November 1, 2009; 66(11): 1339 - 1344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Portet, N. Scarmeas, S. Cosentino, E. P. Helzner, and Y. Stern Extrapyramidal Signs Before and After Diagnosis of Incident Alzheimer Disease in a Prospective Population Study Arch Neurol, September 1, 2009; 66(9): 1120 - 1126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Louis, A. M. Brickman, C. DeCarli, S. A. Small, K. Marder, N. Schupf, and T. R. Brown Quantitative Brain Measurements in Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons With Mild Parkinsonian Signs Arch Neurol, December 1, 2008; 65(12): 1649 - 1654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L-L Chan, H Rumpel, K Yap, E Lee, H-V Loo, G-L Ho, S Fook-Chong, Y Yuen, and E-K Tan Case control study of diffusion tensor imaging in Parkinson's disease J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, December 1, 2007; 78(12): 1383 - 1386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Louis, N. Schupf, M. X. Tang, K. Marder, and J. A. Luchsinger Mild Parkinsonian Signs and Plasma Homocysteine Concentration in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals Arch Neurol, November 1, 2007; 64(11): 1646 - 1651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. G. Zubal, M. Early, O. Yuan, D. Jennings, K. Marek, and J. P. Seibyl Optimized, Automated Striatal Uptake Analysis Applied to SPECT Brain Scans of Parkinson's Disease Patients J. Nucl. Med., June 1, 2007; 48(6): 857 - 864. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. C. Shah, R. S. Wilson, J. L. Bienias, Z. Arvanitakis, D. A. Evans, and D. A. Bennett Blood pressure and lower limb function in older persons. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., August 1, 2006; 61(8): 839 - 843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S M Taylor and C. Counsell Is it Parkinson's disease, and if not, what is it? Practical Neurology, June 1, 2006; 6(3): 154 - 165. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. A. Boyle, R. S. Wilson, N. T. Aggarwal, Z. Arvanitakis, J. Kelly, J. L. Bienias, and D. A. Bennett Parkinsonian signs in subjects with mild cognitive impairment Neurology, December 27, 2005; 65(12): 1901 - 1906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Louis, M. X. Tang, N. Schupf, and R. Mayeux Functional Correlates and Prevalence of Mild Parkinsonian Signs in a Community Population of Older People Arch Neurol, February 1, 2005; 62(2): 297 - 302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Murray, D. A. Bennett, C. F. Mendes de Leon, L. A. Beckett, and D. A. Evans A Longitudinal Study of Parkinsonism and Disability in a Community Population of Older People J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., August 1, 2004; 59(8): M864 - M870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Louis, M. X. Tang, and R. Mayeux Parkinsonian Signs in Older People in a Community-Based Study: Risk of Incident Dementia Arch Neurol, August 1, 2004; 61(8): 1273 - 1276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Louis, J. A. Luchsinger, M. X. Tang, and R. Mayeux Parkinsonian signs in older people: Prevalence and associations with smoking and coffee Neurology, July 8, 2003; 61(1): 24 - 28. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Wilson, J. A. Schneider, J. L. Bienias, D. A. Evans, and D. A. Bennett Parkinsonianlike Signs and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease in Older Persons Arch Neurol, April 1, 2003; 60(4): 539 - 544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Wilson, L. L. Barnes, C. F. Mendes de Leon, N. T. Aggarwal, J. S. Schneider, J. Bach, J. Pilat, L. A. Beckett, S. E. Arnold, D. A. Evans, et al. Depressive symptoms, cognitive decline, and risk of AD in older persons Neurology, August 13, 2002; 59(3): 364 - 370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Wilson, J. A. Schneider, L. A. Beckett, D. A. Evans, and D. A. Bennett Progression of gait disorder and rigidity and risk of death in older persons Neurology, June 25, 2002; 58(12): 1815 - 1819. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Tsolaki, K. Kokarida, V. Iakovidou, E. Stilopoulos, J. Meimaris, and A. Kazis Extrapyramidal symptoms and signs in Alzheimer's disease: Pravalence and correlation with the first symptom American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, September 1, 2001; 16(5): 268 - 278. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Wilson, D. A. Bennett, D. W. Gilley, L. A. Beckett, J. A. Schneider, and D. A. Evans Progression of parkinsonian signs in Alzheimer's disease Neurology, March 28, 2000; 54(6): 1284 - 1289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. P. Goldman, J. D. Baty, V. D. Buckles, S. Sahrmann, and J. C. Morris Motor dysfunction in mildly demented AD individuals without extrapyramidal signs Neurology, September 1, 1999; 53(5): 956 - 956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Marder, M.-X. Tang, B. Alfaro, H. Mejia, L. Cote, E. Louis, Y. Stern, and R. Mayeux Risk of Alzheimer's disease in relatives of Parkinson's disease patients with and without dementia Neurology, March 1, 1999; 52(4): 719 - 719. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. D. Sanders and M. S. Keshavan The Neurologic Examination in Adult Psychiatry: From Soft Signs to Hard Science J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, November 1, 1998; 10(4): 395 - 404. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Eccles, J. Clarke, M. Livingston, N. Freemantle, and J. Mason North of England evidence based guidelines development project: guideline for the primary care management of dementia BMJ, September 19, 1998; 317(7161): 802 - 808. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Sweet, M. Akil, B. H. Mulsant, R. Ulrich, R. E. Pasternak, and G. S. Zubenko Determinants of SPontaneous Extrapyramidal Symptoms in Elderly Psychiatric Inpatients Diagnosed With Alzheimer's Disease, Major Depressive Disorder, or Psychotic Disorders J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, February 1, 1998; 10(1): 68 - 77. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Stern, X. Liu, M. Albert, J. Brandt, D. M. Jacobs, C. Del Castillo-Castaneda, K. Marder, K. Bell, M. Sano, and F. Bylsma Modeling the Influence of Extrapyramidal Signs on the Progression of Alzheimer Disease Arch Neurol, November 1, 1996; 53(11): 1121 - 1126. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Marder, M.-X. Tang, L. Cote, Y. Stern, and R. Mayeux The Frequency and Associated Risk Factors for Dementia in Patients With Parkinson's Disease Arch Neurol, July 1, 1995; 52(7): 695 - 701. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
