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NEUROLOGY 1993;43:1559
© 1993 American Academy of Neurology

Repeated exposure to the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Information-Memory-Concentration Test results in a practice effect in Alzheimer's disease

D. Galasko, MD, I. Abramson, PhD, J. Corey-Bloom, MD, PhD and L. J. Thal, MD

Departments of Neuroscience (Drs. Galasko, Corey-Bloom, and Thal) and Mathematics (Dr. Abramson), University of California, San Diego, and the Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Drs. Galasko, Corey-Bloom, and Thal), San Diego, CA.

We analyzed short-term variation of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Information-Memory-Concentration (IMC) Test scores in 39 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), tested four times over 6 weeks. Although analysis of variance had failed to show a significant "learning" effect or other trends, we reexamined the data using repeated measures models, with and without a learning effect. In the model without a learning effect, mean MMSE scores decreased minimally and mean IMC scores decreased by 0.84 points over 6 weeks. In the model that allowed a potential learning effect between the first and second test sessions, scores increased significantly, by 1.12 ± 0.47 points for the MMSE and 1.04 ± 0.43 points for the IMC Test. Patients' test scores predicted from the models had less variability than did their raw scores. The short-term practice effect, although small, should be considered in interpreting changes in scores, especially in therapeutic studies in AD.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Leon J. Thal, Neurology Service (1271, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161.

Supported by NIA grants AGO5131 and AGO10483.

Presented in part at the 44th annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, San Diego, CA, May 1992.

Received May 22, 1992. Accepted for publication in final form December 10, 1992.




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