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Cognitive deficits of men and women with Alzheimer's disease

Departments of Neurology t (Division of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neurogerontology) and Psychology (Dr. Henderson) and the Andrus Gerontology Center (Drs. Henderson and Buckwalter), University of Southern California, and the Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center (Dr. Henderson), Los Angeles, CA.

We performed two studies of cognitive abilities among men and women who met clinical criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among 46 AD patients, performance of women on a composite neuropsychological battery was more impaired than that of men when the potentially confounding effects of demographic variables were controlled; the largest group differences were due to significantly worse performance by women with AD on a naming task. Based on these initial findings, we next analyzed an independent data set of 647 demented subjects enrolled in the multicenter Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease, hypothesizing that the naming performance of women with AD would be significantly worse than that of men with this illness. Analyses controlling for demographic variables, or separately controlling for dementia severity, confirmed that women with AD performed significantly less well on the naming task and on verbal fluency. Women also performed less well on delayed recall, but there were no significant differences on other tasks. Factor analysis confirmed significant differences on a language factor, implying that men retain verbal skills better than women do during the initial stages of AD. Elderly non-demented women performed as well as or better than nondemented men on all comparisons. We conclude that there are modest differences in how men and women with AD perform on cognitive tasks and that differences may be discrete rather than global in nature.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Victor W. Henderson, Department of Neurology (GNH-5641). University of Southern California School of Medicine, 1200 North State Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033-1084.

Supported in part by NIH grants AGO6790 and AGO5142

Presented in part a t the 22nd annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Anaheim, CA, October 27, 1992.

Received March 19, 1993. Accepted for publication in final form June 16, 1993.

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