| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Institute of Psychiatry (Dr. Prince and Prof. Mann), and the Academic Department of Psychiatry (Dr. Cullen), Royal Free Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
We surveyed 1,545 subjects–recruited into the UK Medical Research Council elderly hypertension treatment trial between 1982 and 1987–to detect incident cases of dementia, identifying 50 cases of dementia, including 31 cases of probable or possible Alzheimer's disease (AD). These we compared with 223 unimpaired, unmatched controls from the same population for exposure to familial, cardiovascular, educational, and geographic risk factors for dementia. Our study confirms the association of family history of dementia with dementia (odds ratio [OR] = 4.36) and AD (OR = 4.69), and of advanced age with dementia (OR = 2.81). Rural residence exerted a protective effect for dementia (OR = 0.21) and AD (OR = 0.28). We report near-significant associations between AD and dementia and several cardiovascular risk factors (ECG ischemia, systolic hypertension, and smoking) among subjects lacking a family history of dementia. We postulate the existence of a nonfamilial form of dementia transcending traditional categories of multi-infarct dementia and AD, more common among urban residents, and mediated through vascular pathology. Risk factors reported elsewhere but not confirmed in this study were advanced maternal age and winter season of birth.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Martin Prince, Section of Epidemiology and General Practice, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
We acknowledge a debt of gratitude to Dr. Paul Williams and Glaxo Pharmaceuticals for their generous funding of the study.
Received March 4, 1993. Accepted for publication in final form June 16, 1993.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D S KNOPMAN Cerebrovascular disease and dementia Br. J. Radiol., December 1, 2007; 80(Special_Issue_2): S121 - S127. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Bi, M. Baudry, J. Liu, Y. Yao, L. Fu, F. Brucher, and G. Lynch Inhibition of Geranylgeranylation Mediates the Effects of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA Reductase Inhibitors on Microglia J. Biol. Chem., November 12, 2004; 279(46): 48238 - 48245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J Cervilla, M Prince, S Joels, S Lovestone, and A Mann Premorbid cognitive testing predicts the onset of dementia and Alzheimer's disease better than and independently of APOE genotype J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, August 1, 2004; 75(8): 1100 - 1106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Cervilla, M. Prince, S. Joels, C. Russ, and S. Lovestone Genes Related to Vascular Disease (APOE, VLDL-R, DCP-1) and Other Vascular Factors in Late-Life Depression Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, April 1, 2004; 12(2): 202 - 210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Forette, M.-L. Seux, J. A. Staessen, L. Thijs, M.-R. Babarskiene, S. Babeanu, A. Bossini, R. Fagard, B. Gil-Extremera, T. Laks, et al. The Prevention of Dementia With Antihypertensive Treatment: New Evidence From the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Study Arch Intern Med, October 14, 2002; 162(18): 2046 - 2052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Hanon and D. Leys Cognitive decline and dementia in the elderly hypertensive Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, March 1, 2002; 3(1_suppl): S32 - S38. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Qiu, L. Backman, B. Winblad, H. Aguero-Torres, and L. Fratiglioni The Influence of Education on Clinically Diagnosed Dementia Incidence and Mortality Data From the Kungsholmen Project Arch Neurol, December 1, 2001; 58(12): 2034 - 2039. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. L Tyas, J. Manfreda, L. A Strain, and P. R Montgomery Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: a population-based, longitudinal study in Manitoba, Canada Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2001; 30(3): 590 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. J. WHALLEY Early-onset Alzheimer's disease in Scotland: environmental and familial factors The British Journal of Psychiatry, April 1, 2001; 178 (40): s53 - s59. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Knopman, L.L. Boland, T. Mosley, G. Howard, D. Liao, M. Szklo, P. McGovern, and A. R. Folsom Cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive decline in middle-aged adults Neurology, January 9, 2001; 56(1): 42 - 48. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J. Whalley, J. M. Starr, R. Athawes, D. Hunter, A. Pattie, and I. J. Deary Childhood mental ability and dementia Neurology, November 28, 2000; 55(10): 1455 - 1459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A CERVILLA, M. PRINCE, S. LOVESTONE, A. MANN, and S. JOELS Long-term predictors of cognitive outcome in a cohort of older people with hypertension The British Journal of Psychiatry, July 1, 2000; 177(1): 66 - 71. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J A Cervilla, M. Prince, and A. Mann Smoking, drinking, and incident cognitive impairment: a cohort community based study included in the Gospel Oak project J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, May 1, 2000; 68(5): 622 - 626. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Doll, R. Peto, J. Boreham, and I. Sutherland Smoking and dementia in male British doctors: prospective study BMJ, April 22, 2000; 320(7242): 1097 - 1102. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Prince, S. Lovestone, J. Cervilla, S. Joels, J. Powell, C. Russ, and A. Mann The association between APOE and dementia does not seem to be mediated by vascular factors Neurology, January 25, 2000; 54(2): 397 - 397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. S. Hall, S. Gao, F. W. Unverzagt, and H. C. Hendrie Low education and childhood rural residence: Risk for Alzheimer's disease in African Americans Neurology, January 11, 2000; 54(1): 95 - 95. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Rao, S. Jackson, and R. Howard Neuropsychological Impairment in Stroke, Carotid Stenosis, and Peripheral Vascular Disease : A Comparison With Healthy Community Residents Stroke, October 1, 1999; 30(10): 2167 - 2173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Sacktor, S. Gray, C. Kawas, J. Herbst, P. Costa, and J. Fleg Systolic Blood Pressure within an Intermediate Range May Reduce Memory Loss in an Elderly Hypertensive Cohort J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, April 1, 1999; 12(1): 1 - 6. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R STEWART Cardiovascular factors in Alzheimer's disease J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, August 1, 1998; 65(2): 143 - 147. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Amar and G. Wilcock Fortnightly Review: Vascular dementia BMJ, January 27, 1996; 312(7025): 227 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
