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The Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI)

Division of Audiology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI. (Drs. Jacobson and Newman)
Department of Neurology (Drs. Jacobson, Ramadan, and Aggarwal), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI.

Article abstract –To quantify the impact of headache on daily living, we developed a 25-item headache disability inventory (HDI). The alpha version of the HDI (-HDI) consisted of 40 items, each requiring a "yes" (four points), "sometimes" (two points), or "no" (zero points) response based on items derived empirically from case history responses of subjects with headache. From the -HDI, we derived a 25-item beta version (ß-HDI) with the items subgrouped into functional and emotional subscales. The internal consistency/reliability was strong, as was construct validity. The test-retest reliability for the ß-HDI was acceptable for the total score and functional and emotional subscale scores. A 29-point change (95% confidence interval) or greater in the total score from test-retest must occur before the changes can be attributed to treatment effects. The HDI is useful in assessing the impact of headache, and its treatment, on daily living.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Gary P. Jacobson, Director, Division of Audiology, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202.

Received September 10, 1993. Accepted for publication in final form October 28, 1993.

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