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From the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center (Drs. Marder, Tang, Louis, and Mayeux); the Departments of Neurology (Drs. Marder, Tang, Cote, Louis, and Mayeux, and H. Mejia, B. Alfaro, and J. Groves) and Psychiatry (Dr. Mayeux), College of Physicians and Surgeons; the Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research in the City of New York (Drs. Marder, Tang, Cote, Louis, and Mayeux); and the Division of Epidemiology (Dr. Mayeux), School of Public Health at Columbia University.
Supported by the following grants from NIH: AG07232, NS32527, RR00645, AG10963, and by a grant from the Parkinson's Disease Foundation.
Received October 27, 1995. Accepted in final form December 20, 1995.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Karen Marder, G.H. Sergievsky Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032.
Objective: To determine the relative risk (RR) and cumulative incidence of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) in first-degree relatives of PD patients compared with relatives of controls from the same geographic region. Design: A family history questionnaire was used to obtain information on all first-degree relatives of cases and controls. A subset of these first-degree relatives was also examined. A Cox proportional hazards model with double-censoring techniques for missing information was used to model the RR for PD, adjusting for gender, ethnicity, and relationship to proband. Results: A total of 1,458 first-degree relatives of 233 PD patients were 2.3 times as likely (95% CI = 1.3 to 4.0) as 7,834 relatives of 1,172 controls to develop PD. The cumulative incidence of PD to age 75 among first-degree relatives of PD patients was 2% compared with 1% among first-degree relatives of controls. The risk in male first-degree relatives was higher than in female relatives (RR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.1 to 3.4) and the risk in relatives of Caucasians was higher than in African-Americans and Hispanics (RR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.4 to 4.1). Risk for siblings and parents of probands was similar. Conclusions: Susceptibility to PD is increased in first-degree relatives of both sporadic and familial cases. The pattern of inheritance and the relationship between genetic and environmental risk factors warrant further study.
NEUROLOGY 1996;47: 155-160
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