Neurology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Figures Only
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Correspondence:
Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when Correspondence are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Truyen, L.
Right arrow Articles by Barkhof, F.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Truyen, L.
Right arrow Articles by Barkhof, F.
NEUROLOGY 1996;47:1469-1476
© 1996 American Academy of Neurology

Accumulation of hypointense lesions ("black holes") on T1 spin-echo MRI correlates with disease progression in multiple sclerosis

L. Truyen, MD, J. H.T.M. van Waesberghe, MD, M.A.A. van Walderveen, MD, B. W. van Oosten, MD, C. H. Polman, PhD, O. R. Hommes, PhD, H. J.A. Ader, PhD and F. Barkhof, PhD

From the Dutch MR Centre for MS Research (Drs. Truyen, van Waesberghe, Van Walderveen, Polman, and Barkhof) and Department of Neurology (Drs. Truyen, Van Oosten, and Polman), Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Hommes), University Hospital St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Dr. Ader), Free University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Supported in part by a grant from the Dutch MS society ("Stichting Vrienden MS Research").
Received February 29, 1996. Accepted in final form April 11, 1996.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. F. Barkhof, Radiology Department, Free University Hospital Amsterdam, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

MRI findings are increasingly used as outcome measures in therapeutic trials in MS.The discrepancy between the extent of the lesions on conventional T2 images and the clinical condition of the patient is one of the problems encountered in such studies. This clinical-radiological paradox prevents the use of MRI data as surrogate markers of disability in MS. A recent pilot study suggested a relationship between hypointense lesions on T1 MRI and disability. To assess in more detail the correlation of changes in hypointense lesion load on T1-weighted spin-echo MR images ("black holes") with changes in disability in MS, we studied 46 patients with clinically definite MS at baseline and after a median follow-up of 40 months. There was a significant correlation between baseline disability and hypointense lesion load (Spearman rank correlation coefficient [SRCC] = 0.46, p = 0.001). In secondary progressive patients, the rate of accumulation of these "black holes" was significantly related to progression rate (SRCC = 0.81, p < 0.0001). We speculate that the appearance of hypointense lesions is the MRI equivalent of a failure of remission. Overall, T1 lesion load measurements correlated better with clinical assessments than T2 lesion load measurements. Quantification of hypointense lesion load on T (1-weighted) spin-echo MRI helps to resolve the clinical-radiological paradox between disability and MRI and has the potential to be a surrogate marker of disability in MS.

NEUROLOGY 1996;47: 1469-1476




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
D Cadavid, J Cheriyan, J Skurnick, J A Lincoln, L J Wolansky, and S D Cook
New acute and chronic black holes in patients with multiple sclerosis randomised to interferon beta-1b or glatiramer acetate
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, December 1, 2009; 80(12): 1337 - 1343.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
M. Riva, V.N. Ikonomidou, J.J. Ostuni, P. van Gelderen, S. Auh, J.M. Ohayon, F. Tovar-Moll, N.D. Richert, J.H. Duyn, and F. Bagnato
Tissue-Specific Imaging Is a Robust Methodology to Differentiate In Vivo T1 Black Holes with Advanced Multiple Sclerosis-Induced Damage
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., August 1, 2009; 30(7): 1394 - 1401.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
A Minneboo, B. Uitdehaag, P Jongen, H Vrenken, D. Knol, M. van Walderveen, C. Polman, J. Castelijns, and F Barkhof
Association between MRI parameters and the MS severity scale: a 12 year follow-up study
Multiple Sclerosis, May 1, 2009; 15(5): 632 - 637.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
N. M. Moll, M. B. Cossoy, E. Fisher, S. M. Staugaitis, B. H. Tucky, A. M. Rietsch, A. Chang, R. J. Fox, B. D. Trapp, and R. M. Ransohoff
Imaging Correlates of Leukocyte Accumulation and CXCR4/CXCL12 in Multiple Sclerosis
Arch Neurol, January 1, 2009; 66(1): 44 - 53.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J Furby, T Hayton, V Anderson, D Altmann, R Brenner, J Chataway, R. Hughes, K. Smith, D. Miller, and R Kapoor
Magnetic resonance imaging measures of brain and spinal cord atrophy correlate with clinical impairment in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, September 1, 2008; 14(8): 1068 - 1075.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
F. Tecchio, G. Zito, F. Zappasodi, M. L. Dell' Acqua, D. Landi, D. Nardo, D. Lupoi, P. M. Rossini, and M. M. Filippi
Intra-cortical connectivity in multiple sclerosis: a neurophysiological approach
Brain, July 1, 2008; 131(7): 1783 - 1792.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
I. Pirko, T. K. Nolan, S. K. Holland, and A. J. Johnson
Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis and MR Imaging Features of T1 Hypointensities in Murine Model
Radiology, March 1, 2008; 246(3): 790 - 795.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
S. Nessler, S. Boretius, C. Stadelmann, A. Bittner, D. Merkler, H.-P. Hartung, T. Michaelis, W. Bruck, J. Frahm, N. Sommer, et al.
Early MRI changes in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis are predictive of severe inflammatory tissue damage
Brain, August 1, 2007; 130(8): 2186 - 2198.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
B. W. Thrower
Clinically isolated syndromes: Predicting and delaying multiple sclerosis
Neurology, June 12, 2007; 68(24_suppl_4): S12 - S15.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
R. P. Lisak
Neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: Defining the problem
Neurology, May 29, 2007; 68(22_suppl_3): S5 - S12.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
O. Khan
Can clinical outcomes be used to detect neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis?
Neurology, May 29, 2007; 68(22_suppl_3): S64 - S71.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Health Syst PharmHome page
B. V. Sweet
Natalizumab update
Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., April 1, 2007; 64(7): 705 - 716.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J N. Zwemmer, J Berkhof, J A Castelijns, F Barkhof, C H Polman, and B M. Uitdehaag
Classification of multiple sclerosis patients by latent class analysis of magnetic resonance imaging characteristics
Multiple Sclerosis, September 1, 2006; 12(5): 565 - 572.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
Y. Ge
Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of MR Imaging
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., June 1, 2006; 27(6): 1165 - 1176.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
V. Dousset, B. Brochet, M.S.A. Deloire, L. Lagoarde, B. Barroso, J.-M. Caille, and K.G. Petry
MR Imaging of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using Ultra-Small-Particle Iron Oxide and Compared with Gadolinium.
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 2006; 27(5): 1000 - 1005.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J Brettschneider, A Petzold, A Junker, and H Tumani
Axonal damage markers in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with clinically isolated syndrome improve predicting conversion to definite multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, April 1, 2006; 12(2): 143 - 148.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
R. T. Naismith and A. H. Cross
Multiple Sclerosis and Black Holes: Connecting the Pixels
Arch Neurol, November 1, 2005; 62(11): 1666 - 1668.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
E. M. Frohman, O. Stuve, E. Havrdova, J. Corboy, A. Achiron, R. Zivadinov, P. S. Sorensen, J. T. Phillips, B. Weinshenker, K. Hawker, et al.
Therapeutic Considerations for Disease Progression in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence, Experience, and Future Expectations
Arch Neurol, October 1, 2005; 62(10): 1519 - 1530.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
A. Minneboo, B. M. J. Uitdehaag, H. J. Ader, F. Barkhof, C. H. Polman, and J. A. Castelijns
Patterns of enhancing lesion evolution in multiple sclerosis are uniform within patients
Neurology, July 12, 2005; 65(1): 56 - 61.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J Brettschneider, M Maier, S Arda, A Claus, S D Sussmuth, J Kassubek, and H Tumani
Tau protein level in cerebrospinal fluid is increased in patients with early multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 2005; 11(3): 261 - 265.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
K Morgen, A L. Crawford, R D Stone, R Martin, N D Richert, J A Frank, and H F McFarland
Contrast-enhanced MRI lesions during treatment with interferon{beta}-1b predict increase in T1 black hole volume in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, April 1, 2005; 11(2): 146 - 148.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
A Petzold, M J Eikelenboom, G Keir, D Grant, R H C Lazeron, C H Polman, B M J Uitdehaag, E J Thompson, and G Giovannoni
Axonal damage accumulates in the progressive phase of multiple sclerosis: three year follow up study
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, February 1, 2005; 76(2): 206 - 211.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
V Tomassini, E Onesti, C Mainero, E Giugni, A Paolillo, M Salvetti, F Nicoletti, and C Pozzilli
Sex hormones modulate brain damage in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, February 1, 2005; 76(2): 272 - 275.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
J. He, M. Inglese, B. S. Y. Li, J. S. Babb, R. I. Grossman, and O. Gonen
Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Metabolic Abnormality in Nonenhancing Lesions and Normal-appearing White Matter at MR Imaging: Initial Experience
Radiology, January 1, 2005; 234(1): 211 - 217.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
S. A. Rizvi and M. A. Agius
Current approved options for treating patients with multiple sclerosis
Neurology, December 28, 2004; 63(12_suppl_6): S8 - S14.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
B. A. Cohen, O. Khan, D. R. Jeffery, K. Bashir, S. A. Rizvi, E. J. Fox, M. Agius, R. Bashir, T. E. Collins, R. Herndon, et al.
Identifying and treating patients with suboptimal responses
Neurology, December 28, 2004; 63(12_suppl_6): S33 - S40.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
R. Bakshi, G. J. Hutton, J. R. Miller, and E.-W. Radue
The use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and long-term management of multiple sclerosis
Neurology, December 14, 2004; 63(11_suppl_5): S3 - S11.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 BrainHome page
C. J. Archibald, X. Wei, J. N. Scott, C. J. Wallace, Y. Zhang, L. M. Metz, and J. R. Mitchell
Posterior fossa lesion volume and slowed information processing in multiple sclerosis
Brain, July 1, 2004; 127(7): 1526 - 1534.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
C. Lucchinetti and W. Bruck
The pathology of primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 2004; 10(1_suppl): S23 - S30.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
C. Lucchinetti and W. Bruck
The pathology of primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, May 1, 2004; 10(3_suppl): S23 - S30.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
A. Minneboo, F. Barkhof, C. H. Polman, B. M. J. Uitdehaag, D. L. Knol, and J. A. Castelijns
Infratentorial Lesions Predict Long-term Disability in Patients With Initial Findings Suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis
Arch Neurol, February 1, 2004; 61(2): 217 - 221.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
A. Castriota-Scanderbeg, F. Fasano, G. Hagberg, U. Nocentini, M. Filippi, and C. Caltagirone
Coefficient Dav Is More Sensitive Than Fractional Anisotropy in Monitoring Progression of Irreversible Tissue Damage in Focal Nonactive Multiple Sclerosis Lesions
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., April 1, 2003; 24(4): 663 - 670.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Inglese, J.H.T.M. van Waesberghe, M. Rovaris, K. Beckmann, F. Barkhof, D. Hahn, L. Kappos, D.H. Miller, C. Polman, C. Pozzilli, et al.
The effect of interferon {beta}-1b on quantities derived from MT MRI in secondary progressive MS
Neurology, March 11, 2003; 60(5): 853 - 860.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
B. Turner, X. Lin, G. Calmon, N. Roberts, and L. D Blumhardt
C erebral atrophy and disability in relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis over four years
Multiple Sclerosis, February 1, 2003; 9(1): 21 - 27.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
B. S.Y. Li, J. Regal, B. J. Soher, L. J. Mannon, R. I. Grossman, and O. Gonen
Brain Metabolite Profiles of T1-Hypointense Lesions in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., January 1, 2003; 24(1): 68 - 74.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
S. L. Galetta, C. Markowitz, and A. G. Lee
Immunomodulatory Agents for the Treatment of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Arch Intern Med, October 28, 2002; 162(19): 2161 - 2169.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
P. Coyle and H-P. Hartung
Use of interferon beta in multiple sclerosis: rationale for early treatment and evidence for dose- and frequency-dependent effects on clinical response
Multiple Sclerosis, September 1, 2002; 8(1_suppl): 2 - 9.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
H. McFarland, F. Barkhof, J. Antel, and D. Miller
The role of MRI as a surrogate outcome measure in multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, September 1, 2002; 8(1_suppl): 40 - 51.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Filippi and R. I. Grossman
MRI techniques to monitor MS evolution: The present and the future
Neurology, April 23, 2002; 58(8): 1147 - 1153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
C Gasperini, A Paolillo, E Giugni, S Galgani, F Bagnato, C Mainero, E Onesti, S Bastianello, and C Pozzilli
MRI brain volume changes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon beta-1a
Multiple Sclerosis, April 1, 2002; 8(2): 119 - 123.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
P K Coyle and H-P Hartung
Use of interferon beta in multiple sclerosis: rationale for early treatment and evidence for dose- and frequency-dependent effects on clinical response
Multiple Sclerosis, February 1, 2002; 8(1): 2 - 9.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
H F McFarland, F Barkhof, J Antel, and D H Miller
The role of MRI as a surrogate outcome measure in multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, February 1, 2002; 8(1): 40 - 51.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
P. A. Brex, P. D. Molyneux, P. Smiddy, F. Barkhof, M. Filippi, T. A. Yousry, D. Hahn, Y. Rolland, O. Salonen, C. Pozzilli, et al.
The effect of IFN{beta}-1b on the evolution of enhancing lesions in secondary progressive MS
Neurology, December 26, 2001; 57(12): 2185 - 2190.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
P. Fuhr, A. Borggrefe-Chappuis, C. Schindler, and L. Kappos
Visual and motor evoked potentials in the course of multiple sclerosis
Brain, November 1, 2001; 124(11): 2162 - 2168.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
N. Evangelou, D. Konz, M. M. Esiri, S. Smith, J. Palace, and P. M. Matthews
Size-selective neuronal changes in the anterior optic pathways suggest a differential susceptibility to injury in multiple sclerosis
Brain, September 1, 2001; 124(9): 1813 - 1820.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
Y. Ge, R. I. Grossman, J. K. Udupa, J. S. Babb, L. G. Nyul, and D. L. Kolson
Brain Atrophy in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Fractional Volumetric Analysis of Gray Matter and White Matter
Radiology, September 1, 2001; 220(3): 606 - 610.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
F. Barkhof, J.-H. T. M. van Waesberghe, M. Filippi, T. Yousry, D. H. Miller, D. Hahn, A. J. Thompson, L. Kappos, P. Brex, C. Pozzilli, et al.
T1 hypointense lesions in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: effect of interferon beta-1b treatment
Brain, July 1, 2001; 124(7): 1396 - 1402.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
B. Kornek, M. K. Storch, J. Bauer, A. Djamshidian, R. Weissert, E. Wallstroem, A. Stefferl, F. Zimprich, T. Olsson, C. Linington, et al.
Distribution of a calcium channel subunit in dystrophic axons in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Brain, June 1, 2001; 124(6): 1114 - 1124.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
C. Mainero, N. De Stefano, G. Iannucci, M.P. Sormani, L. Guidi, A. Federico, M.L. Bartolozzi, G. Comi, and M. Filippi
Correlates of MS disability assessed in vivo using aggregates of MR quantities
Neurology, May 22, 2001; 56(10): 1331 - 1334.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
R. Bakshi, S. Ariyaratana, R. H. B. Benedict, and L. Jacobs
Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Cortical and Juxtacortical Multiple Sclerosis Lesions
Arch Neurol, May 1, 2001; 58(5): 742 - 748.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Filippi, M. Cercignani, M. Inglese, M.A. Horsfield, and G. Comi
Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis
Neurology, February 13, 2001; 56(3): 304 - 311.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
J. A. Koziol, S. Wagner, D. F. Sobel, L. S. Slivka, J. S. Romine, J. C. Sipe, and H.-P. Adams
Predictive Value of Lesions for Relapses in Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., February 1, 2001; 22(2): 284 - 291.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
G. J. L. a Nijeholt, E. Bergers, W. Kamphorst, J. Bot, K. Nicolay, J. A. Castelijns, J. H. T. M. van Waesberghe, R. Ravid, C. H. Polman, and F. Barkhof
Post-mortem high-resolution MRI of the spinal cord in multiple sclerosis: A correlative study with conventional MRI, histopathology and clinical phenotype
Brain, January 1, 2001; 124(1): 154 - 166.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
M. K. Racke, K. Hawker, and E. M. Frohman
Multiple Sclerosis and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Advancement in Linking the Pictures With the Progression
Arch Neurol, January 1, 2001; 58(1): 35 - 36.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
T. P. Leist, M. I. Gobbini, J. A. Frank, and H. F. McFarland
Enhancing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Lesions and Cerebral Atrophy in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Arch Neurol, January 1, 2001; 58(1): 57 - 60.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
M. A. A. van Walderveen, G. J. Lycklama a Nijeholt, H. J. Ader, P. J. H. Jongen, C. H. Polman, J. A. Castelijns, and F. Barkhof
Hypointense Lesions on T1-Weighted Spin-Echo Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Relation to Clinical Characteristics in Subgroups of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Arch Neurol, January 1, 2001; 58(1): 76 - 81.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Filippi, M. Rovaris, G. Iannucci, S. Mennea, M. P. Sormani, and G. Comi
Whole brain volume changes in patients with progressive MS treated with cladribine
Neurology, December 12, 2000; 55(11): 1714 - 1718.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
M. Rovaris, M. Bozzali, G. Santuccio, G. Iannucci, M. P. Sormani, B. Colombo, G. Comi, and M. Filippi
Relative contributions of brain and cervical cord pathology to multiple sclerosis disability: a study with magnetisation transfer ratio histogram analysis
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, December 1, 2000; 69(6): 723 - 727.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
S. Ropele, S. Strasser-Fuchs, M. Augustin, R. Stollberger, C. Enzinger, H.-P. Hartung, and F. Fazekas
A Comparison of Magnetization Transfer Ratio, Magnetization Transfer Rate, and the Native Relaxation Time of Water Protons Related to Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., November 1, 2000; 21(10): 1885 - 1891.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
R. B. Banati, J. Newcombe, R. N. Gunn, A. Cagnin, F. Turkheimer, F. Heppner, G. Price, F. Wegner, G. Giovannoni, D. H. Miller, et al.
The peripheral benzodiazepine binding site in the brain in multiple sclerosis: Quantitative in vivo imaging of microglia as a measure of disease activity
Brain, November 1, 2000; 123(11): 2321 - 2337.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Filippi, M. Inglese, M. Rovaris, M. P. Sormani, M. A. Horsfield, G. Iannucci, B. Colombo, and G. Comi
Magnetization transfer imaging to monitor the evolution of MS: A 1-year follow-up study
Neurology, October 10, 2000; 55(7): 940 - 946.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
T L Luks, D E Goodkin, S J Nelson, S Majumdar, P Bacchetti, D Portnoy, and R Sloan
A longitudinal study of ventricular volume in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, October 1, 2000; 6(5): 332 - 337.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Roentgenol.Home page
A. O. Nusbaum, D. Lu, C. Y. Tang, and S. W. Atlas
Quantitative Diffusion Measurements in Focal Multiple Sclerosis Lesions: Correlations with Appearance on TI-Weighted MR Images
Am. J. Roentgenol., September 1, 2000; 175(3): 821 - 825.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
P. D Molyneux, P. A Brex, C. Fogg, S. Lewis, C. Middleditch, F. Barkhof, M. P Sormani, M. Filippi, and D. H Miller
The precision of T1 hypointense lesion volume quantification in multiple sclerosis treatment trials: a multicenter study
Multiple Sclerosis, August 1, 2000; 6(4): 237 - 240.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
J. H. Simon, J. Lull, L. D. Jacobs, R. A. Rudick, D. L. Cookfair, R. M. Herndon, J. R. Richert, A. M. Salazar, J. Sheeder, D. Miller, et al.
A longitudinal study of T1 hypointense lesions in relapsing MS: MSCRG trial of interferon {beta}-1a
Neurology, July 25, 2000; 55(2): 185 - 192.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
M. Filippi, G. Iannucci, M. Cercignani, M. Assunta Rocca, A. Pratesi, and G. Comi
A Quantitative Study of Water Diffusion in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions and Normal-Appearing White Matter Using Echo-Planar Imaging
Arch Neurol, July 1, 2000; 57(7): 1017 - 1021.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
A. Bitsch, J. Schuchardt, S. Bunkowski, T. Kuhlmann, and W. Bruck
Acute axonal injury in multiple sclerosis: Correlation with demyelination and inflammation
Brain, June 1, 2000; 123(6): 1174 - 1183.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
G. B. Pike, N. De Stefano, S. Narayanan, K. J. Worsley, D. Pelletier, G. S. Francis, J. P. Antel, and D. L. Arnold
Multiple Sclerosis: Magnetization Transfer MR Imaging of White Matter before Lesion Appearance on T2-weighted Images
Radiology, June 1, 2000; 215(3): 824 - 830.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
J. S. Wolinsky, P. A. Narayana, J. H. Noseworthy, F. D. Lublin, J. N. Whitaker, A. Linde, P. Gjorstrup, and H. C. Sullivan
Linomide in relapsing and secondary progressive MS: Part II: MRI results
Neurology, May 9, 2000; 54(9): 1734 - 1741.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
A. C. Scanderbeg, F. Tomaiuolo, U. Sabatini, U. Nocentini, M. G. Grasso, and C. Caltagirone
Demyelinating Plaques in Relapsing-remitting and Secondary-progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Assessment with Diffusion MR Imaging
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 2000; 21(5): 862 - 868.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
P A Brex, G J M Parker, S M Leary, P D Molyneux, G J Barker, C A Davie, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Lesion heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis: a study of the relations between appearances on T1 weighted images, T1 relaxation times, and metabolite concentrations
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, May 1, 2000; 68(5): 627 - 632.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
A. O. Nusbaum, C. Y. Tang, T.-C. Wei, M. S. Buchsbaum, and S. W. Atlas
Whole-brain diffusion MR histograms differ between MS subtypes
Neurology, April 11, 2000; 54(7): 1421 - 1427.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
Y. Ge, R. I. Grossman, J. K. Udupa, L. Wei, L. J. Mannon, M. Polansky, and D. L. Kolson
Brain Atrophy in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Longitudinal Quantitative Analysis
Radiology, March 1, 2000; 214(3): 665 - 670.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
W. J. Jagust and J. H. Noseworthy
Brain atrophy as a surrogate marker in MS: Faster, simpler, better?
Neurology, February 22, 2000; 54(4): 782 - 783.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Blinkenberg, K. Rune, C. V. Jensen, M. Ravnborg, S. Kyllingsbak, S. Holm, O. B. Paulson, and P. S. Sorensen
Cortical cerebral metabolism correlates with MRI lesion load and cognitive dysfunction in MS
Neurology, February 8, 2000; 54(3): 558 - 558.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
M. Rovaris, M. Filippi, L. Minicucci, G. Iannucci, G. Santuccio, F. Possa and, and G. Comi
Cortical/Subcortical Disease Burden and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., February 1, 2000; 21(2): 402 - 408.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
M Rovaris, B Viti, G Ciboddo, S Gerevini, R Capra, G Iannucci, G Comi, and M Filippi
Brain involvement in systemic immune mediated diseases: magnetic resonance and magnetisation transfer imaging study
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, February 1, 2000; 68(2): 170 - 177.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
C. Tortorella, B. Viti, M. Bozzali, M. P. Sormani, G. Rizzo, M. F. Gilardi, G. Comi, and M. Filippi
A magnetization transfer histogram study of normal-appearing brain tissue in MS
Neurology, January 11, 2000; 54(1): 186 - 186.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Filippi, M. Bozzali, M. A. Horsfield, M. A. Rocca, M. P. Sormani, G. Iannucci, B. Colombo, and G. Comi
A conventional and magnetization transfer MRI study of the cervical cord in patients with MS
Neurology, January 11, 2000; 54(1): 207 - 207.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
M. A. Lee, A. M. Blamire, S. Pendlebury, K.-H. Ho, K. R. Mills, P. Styles, J. Palace, and P. M. Matthews
Axonal Injury or Loss in the Internal Capsule and Motor Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis
Arch Neurol, January 1, 2000; 57(1): 65 - 70.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
C. Gasperini, C. Pozzilli, S. Bastianello, E. Giugni, M. A Horsfield, T. Koudriavtseva, S. Galgani, A. Paolillo, S. Haggiag, E. Millefiorini, et al.
Interferon-beta -1a in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: effect on hypointense lesion volume on T1 weighted images
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, November 1, 1999; 67(5): 579 - 584.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
A. Rovira, J. Alonso, G. Cucurella, C. Nos, M. Tintoré, S. Pedraza, J. Rio, and X. Montalban
Evolution of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions on Serial Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted and Magnetization-Transfer MR Images
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., November 1, 1999; 20(10): 1939 - 1945.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
P. A. Brex, J. I. O'Riordan, K. A. Miszkiel, I. F. Moseley, A. J. Thompson, G. T. Plant, and D. H. Miller
Multisequence MRI in clinically isolated syndromes and the early development of MS
Neurology, October 1, 1999; 53(6): 1184 - 1184.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
A. Paolillo, A. J. Coles, P. D. Molyneux, M. Gawne-Cain, D. MacManus, G. J. Barker, D. A. S. Compston, and D. H. Miller
Quantitative MRI in patients with secondary progressive MS treated with monoclonal antibody Campath 1H
Neurology, September 1, 1999; 53(4): 751 - 751.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
V L Stevenson and D H Miller
Magnetic resonance imaging in the monitoring of disease progression in multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, August 1, 1999; 5(4): 268 - 272.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
M. Filippi, C. Tortorella, and M. Bozzali
Normal-appearing white matter changes in multiple sclerosis: the contribution of magnetic resonance techniques
Multiple Sclerosis, August 1, 1999; 5(4): 273 - 282.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
F. Barkhof
MRI in multiple sclerosis: correlation with expanded disability status scale (EDSS)
Multiple Sclerosis, August 1, 1999; 5(4): 283 - 286.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
G. Mastronardo, M. A. Rocca, G. Iannucci, C. Pereira, and M. Filippi
A Longitudinal MR Study of the Presymptomatic Phase in a Patient with Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., August 1, 1999; 20(7): 1268 - 1272.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
J. H. Simon, L. D. Jacobs, M. K. Campion, R. A. Rudick, D. L. Cookfair, R. M. Herndon, J. R. Richert, A. M. Salazar, J. S. Fischer, D. E. Goodkin, et al.
A longitudinal study of brain atrophy in relapsing multiple sclerosis
Neurology, July 1, 1999; 53(1): 139 - 139.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
E. K. Jordan, H. I. McFarland, B. K. Lewis, N. Tresser, M. A. Gates, M. Johnson, M. Lenardo, L. A. Matis, H. F. McFarland, and J. A. Frank
Serial MR Imaging of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Induced by Human White Matter or by Chimeric Myelin-Basic and Proteolipid Protein in the Common Marmoset
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., June 1, 1999; 20(6): 965 - 976.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
Rovaris, Comi, M. Rocca, Cercignani, Colombo, Santuccio, and Filippi
Relevance of Hypointense Lesions on Fast Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery MR Images as a Marker of Disease Severity in Cases of Multiple
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 1999; 20(5): 813 - 820.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
G. Pike, de Stefano, Narayanan, G. Francis, J. Antel, and D. Arnold
Combined Magnetization Transfer and Proton Spectroscopic Imaging in the Assessment of Pathologic Brain Lesions in Multiple
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 1999; 20(5): 829 - 837.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
M. A. A. van Walderveen, L. Truyen, B. W. van Oosten, J. A. Castelijns, G. J. Lycklama a Nijeholt, J. H. T. M. van Waesberghe, C. Polman, and F. Barkhof
Development of Hypointense Lesions on T1-Weighted Spin-Echo Magnetic Resonance Images in Multiple Sclerosis: Relation to Inflammatory Activity
Arch Neurol, March 1, 1999; 56(3): 345 - 351.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Filippi, G. Iannucci, C. Tortorella, L. Minicucci, M. A. Horsfield, B. Colombo, M. P. Sormani, and G. Comi
Comparison of MS clinical phenotypes using conventional and magnetization transfer MRI
Neurology, February 1, 1999; 52(3): 588 - 588.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J I O'Riordan, M G. Cain, A Coles, L Wang, D A. Compston, P Tofts, and D H Miller
T1 hypointense lesion load in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a comparison of pre versus post contrast loads and of manual versus semi automated threshold techniques for lesion segmentation
Multiple Sclerosis, October 1, 1998; 4(5): 408 - 412.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
G Giovannoni, A J. Green, and E J Thompson
Are there any body fluid markers of brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis?
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 1998; 4(3): 138 - 142.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
P. Stinissen, R. Medaer, and J. Raus
Myelin reactive T cells in the autoimmune pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 1998; 4(3): 203 - 211.
[Abstract] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 1996 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.