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From the Centers for Positron Emission Tomography (Dr. Lockwood, M. Coad, D. Wack, and B. Murphy), Hearing and Deafness, and the Hearing Research Laboratory (Drs. Lockwood and Salvi, and M. Towsley); and the Departments of Neurology (Drs. Lockwood and Salvi), Nuclear Medicine (Dr. Lockwood, M. Coad, and B. Murphy), Communicative Disorders & Sciences (Drs. Lockwood and Salvi, and M. Towsley), VA Western New York Health Care System, and State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Alan H. Lockwood, Center for Positron Emission Tomography, 115P, VA Medical Center, 3495 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14215.
We used PET to map brain regions responding to changes in tinnitus loudness in four patients who could alter tinnitus loudness by performing voluntary oral facial movements (OFMs). Cerebral blood flow was measured in four patients and six controls at rest, during the OFM, and during stimulation with pure tones. OFM-induced loudness changes affected the auditory cortex contralateral to the ear in which tinnitus was perceived, whereas unilateral cochlear stimulation caused bilateral effects, suggesting a retrocochlear origin for their tinnitus. Patients, compared with controls, showed evidence for more widespread activation by the tones and aberrant links between the limbic and auditory systems. These abnormal patterns provide evidence for cortical plasticity that may account for tinnitus and associated symptoms. Although audiologic symptoms and examinations of these patients were typical, the unusual ability to modulate tinnitus loudness with an OFM suggests some caution may be warranted in generalizing these findings.
Supported in part by grants from the State University of New York, University at Buffalo, The American Tinnitus Association, the James H. Cummings Foundation, Buffalo, NY and the National Institutes of Health (DC 3306).
Received April 17, 1997. Accepted in final form September 22, 1997.
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