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From the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Drs. Mueller, Howieson, and Kaye) and the Departments of Neurology (Drs. Camicioli, Howieson, Quinn, and Kaye, and M. Moore and D. Kerr), Medicine (Dr. Sexton), Surgery (Dr. Sexton), and Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Dr. Sexton), Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Jeffrey A. Kaye, Aging and Alzheimer's Center (CR131), Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201.
Objective: To determine which brain regions lose volume with aging over time in healthy, nondemented elderly.
Background: Cross-sectional studies suggest widespread loss of brain volume with aging. These studies may be biased by significant numbers of preclinically demented elderly in the oldest comparison groups. Longitudinal studies may allow closer determination of the effect of aging unaffected by dementia.
Methods: Quantitative volumetric MRI was performed annually on 46 healthy subjects older than age 65 who had maintained cognitive health a mean of 5 years. Comparisons (analysis of variance) were made of rates of volume loss (slopes) divided into 11 young-old (mean age, 70 years), 15 middle-old (mean age, 81 years), and 20 oldest-old (mean age, 87 years) subjects. Regions of interest included CSF spaces, lobar regions, and limbic-subcortical regions.
Results: There were significant differences between groups in intracranial, total brain, left hemisphere, right hemisphere, temporal lobe, basilar-subcortical region, and hippocampus volumes, with oldest-old subjects showing the smallest volumes, followed by middle-old and young-old subjects. Oldest-old subjects had significantly greater subarachnoid volumes than the younger groups. There were no significant differences in rates of change of regions of interest across age groups.
Conclusions: After age 65 there is minimal brain volume loss observed over time in healthy elderly. Brain volume differences seen cross-sectionally, at any age, likely reflect small, constant rates of volume loss with healthy aging. Healthy oldest-old subjects do not show greater rates of brain loss compared with younger elderly, suggesting that large changes seen in cross-sectional studies reflect the presence of preclinical dementia in older groups.
Supported by grants from the Department of Veterans Affairs, the National Institute on Aging (AG08017), and the Alzheimer Research Alliance of Oregon.
Received April 20, 1998. Accepted in final form August 8, 1998.
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