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–inducing factor (IL-18) and interferon- in inflammatory CNS diseases
From the Departments of Neurology (Drs. Fassbender, Mielke, Hennerici, and Muehlhauser), Internal Medicine (Dr. Rossol), and Institute of Clinical Chemistry (Dr. Bertsch), University of Heidelberg, Klinikum Mannheim, Germany; and Fujisaki Institute (Dr. Kurimoto), Hayashibara Laboratories Inc., Okayama, Japan.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. K. Fassbender, Department of Neurology, Klinikum Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, D-68135 Mannheim, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the intrathecal production of a newly identified cytokine, interferon-
–inducing factor (IL-18), together with interferon- itself, in inflammatory diseases of the CNS (i.e., bacterial meningitis, viral meningoencephalitis, and MS).
RESULTS: IL-18 concentrations in CSF were significantly increased in bacterial meningitis and tended toward increased levels in viral meningoencephalitis. In contrast, IL-18 was detectable only in a few patients with MS and healthy controls. Interestingly, interferon- was significantly increased selectively in CSF of patients with viral meningoencephalitis.
CONCLUSION: The observation of an intrathecal release of IL-18 in patients with meningitis argues for a pathophysiologic role of this novel cytokine in immunity against invading microorganisms the CNS.
Key words: Interleukin-18—Bacterial meningitis—MS.
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