| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
From the Departments of Diagnostic Radiology (Drs. Kantarci, Jack, Xu, and Campeau), Health Sciences Research (Drs. O’Brien and Petersen), Psychiatry and Psychology (Drs. Smith and Ivnik), Neurology (Drs. Boeve, Kokmen, and Petersen), and Internal Medicine (Dr. Tangalos), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Clifford R. Jack, Jr., Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905.
BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a recently described transitional clinical state between normal aging and AD. Assuming that amnestic MCI patients had pathologic changes corresponding to an early phase and probable AD patients to a later phase of the disease progression, the authors could approximate the temporal course of proton MR spectroscopic (1H MRS) alterations in AD with a cross-sectional sampling scheme.
METHODS: The authors compared 1H MRS findings in the superior temporal lobe, posterior cingulate gyri, and medial occipital lobe in 21 patients with MCI, 21 patients with probable AD, and 63 elderly controls. These areas are known to be involved at different neurofibrillary pathologic stages of AD.
RESULTS: The N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) ratios were significantly lower in AD patients compared to both MCI and normal control subjects in the left superior temporal and the posterior cingulate volumes of interest (VOI) and there were no between-group differences in the medial occipital VOI. Myoinositol (MI)/Cr ratios measured from the posterior cingulate VOI were significantly higher in both MCI and AD patients than controls. The choline (Cho)/Cr ratios measured from the posterior cingulate VOI were higher in AD patients compared to both MCI and control subjects.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the initial 1H MRS change in the pathologic progression of AD is an increase in MI/Cr. A decrease in NAA/Cr and an increase in Cho/Cr develop later in the disease course.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. Kantarci, D. S. Knopman, D. W. Dickson, J. E. Parisi, J. L. Whitwell, S. D. Weigand, K. A. Josephs, B. F. Boeve, R. C. Petersen, and C. R. Jack Jr Alzheimer Disease: Postmortem Neuropathologic Correlates of Antemortem 1H MR Spectroscopy Metabolite Measurements Radiology, July 1, 2008; 248(1): 210 - 220. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Chertkow MD, F. Massoud MD, Z. Nasreddine MD, S. Belleville PhD, Y. Joanette PhD, C. Bocti MD, V. Drolet BSc, J. Kirk MD, M. Freedman MD, and H. Bergman MD Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 3. Mild cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment without dementia Can. Med. Assoc. J., May 6, 2008; 178(10): 1273 - 1285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K KANTARCI 1H Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in dementia Br. J. Radiol., December 1, 2007; 80(Special_Issue_2): S146 - S152. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Cummings, R. Doody, and C. Clark Disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer disease: Challenges to early intervention Neurology, October 16, 2007; 69(16): 1622 - 1634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. M THOMPSON, K. M HAYASHI, R. A DUTTON, M.-C. CHIANG, A. D LEOW, E. R SOWELL, G. DE ZUBICARAY, J. T BECKER, O. L LOPEZ, H. J AIZENSTEIN, et al. Tracking Alzheimer's Disease Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., February 1, 2007; 1097(1): 183 - 214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Marcos, P. Gil, A. Barabash, R. Rodriguez, M. Encinas, C. Fernandez, and J. A. Cabranes Neuropsychological Markers of Progression From Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, May 1, 2006; 21(3): 189 - 196. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Godbolt, A. D. Waldman, D. G. MacManus, J. M. Schott, C. Frost, L. Cipolotti, N. C. Fox, and M. N. Rossor MRS shows abnormalities before symptoms in familial Alzheimer disease Neurology, March 14, 2006; 66(5): 718 - 722. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. Ross, P. S. Sachdev, W. Wen, and H. Brodaty Longitudinal changes during aging using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., March 1, 2006; 61(3): 291 - 298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. den Heijer, P. E. Sijens, N. D. Prins, A. Hofman, P. J. Koudstaal, M. Oudkerk, and M.M.B. Breteler MR spectroscopy of brain white matter in the prediction of dementia Neurology, February 28, 2006; 66(4): 540 - 544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Lentz, J. P. Kim, S. V. Westmoreland, J. B. Greco, R. A. Fuller, E. M. Ratai, J. He, P. K. Sehgal, E. F. Halpern, A. A. Lackner, et al. Quantitative Neuropathologic Correlates of Changes in Ratio of N-acetylaspartate to Creatine in Macaque Brain Radiology, May 1, 2005; 235(2): 461 - 468. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Kim, M. R. Lentz, S. V. Westmoreland, J. B. Greco, E. M. Ratai, E. Halpern, A. A. Lackner, E. Masliah, and R. G. Gonzalez Relationships between Astrogliosis and 1H MR Spectroscopic Measures of Brain Choline/Creatine and Myo-Inositol/Creatine in a Primate Model AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., April 1, 2005; 26(4): 752 - 759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. Modrego, N. Fayed, and M. A. Pina Conversion From Mild Cognitive Impairment to Probable Alzheimer's Disease Predicted by Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Am J Psychiatry, April 1, 2005; 162(4): 667 - 675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. L. Chao, N. Schuff, J. H. Kramer, A. T. Du, A. A. Capizzano, J. O'Neill, O. M. Wolkowitz, W. J. Jagust, H. C. Chui, B. L. Miller, et al. Reduced medial temporal lobe N-acetylaspartate in cognitively impaired but nondemented patients Neurology, January 25, 2005; 64(2): 282 - 289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kantarci, R. C. Petersen, B. F. Boeve, D. S. Knopman, D. F. Tang-Wai, P. C. O'Brien, S. D. Weigand, S. D. Edland, G. E. Smith, R. J. Ivnik, et al. 1H MR spectroscopy in common dementias Neurology, October 26, 2004; 63(8): 1393 - 1398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. F. Norfray and J. M. Provenzale Alzheimer's Disease: Neuropathologic Findings and Recent Advances in Imaging Am. J. Roentgenol., January 1, 2004; 182(1): 3 - 13. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Lambon Ralph, K. Patterson, N. Graham, K. Dawson, and J. R. Hodges Homogeneity and heterogeneity in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of 55 cases Brain, November 1, 2003; 126(11): 2350 - 2362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Schuff, A.A. Capizzano, A.T. Du, D.L. Amend, J. O'Neill, D. Norman, W.J. Jagust, H.C. Chui, J.H. Kramer, B.R. Reed, et al. Different patterns of N-acetylaspartate loss in subcortical ischemic vascular dementia and AD Neurology, August 12, 2003; 61(3): 358 - 364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kantarci, G. Reynolds, R. C. Petersen, B. F. Boeve, D. S. Knopman, S. D. Edland, G. E. Smith, R. J. Ivnik, E. G. Tangalos, and C. R. Jack Jr Proton MR Spectroscopy in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease: Comparison of 1.5 and 3 T AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 2003; 24(5): 843 - 849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Matthews, E. R. Siemers, and P. D. Mozley Imaging-Based Measures of Disease Progression in Clinical Trials of Disease-Modifying Drugs for Alzheimer Disease Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, April 1, 2003; 11(2): 146 - 159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Dixon, K. M. Bradley, M. M. Budge, P. Styles, and A. D. Smith Longitudinal quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease Brain, October 1, 2002; 125(10): 2332 - 2341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. M. van der Flier, D.M. J. van den Heuvel, A.W. E. Weverling-Rijnsburger, A. Spilt, E.L.E. M. Bollen, R.G. J. Westendorp, H.A. M. Middelkoop, and M. A. van Buchem Cognitive decline in AD and mild cognitive impairment is associated with global brain damage Neurology, September 24, 2002; 59(6): 874 - 879. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Summerfield, B. Gomez-Anson, E. Tolosa, J. M. Mercader, M. J. Marti, P. Pastor, and C. Junque Dementia in Parkinson Disease: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study Arch Neurol, September 1, 2002; 59(9): 1415 - 1420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Chantal, M. Labelle, R. W. Bouchard, C. M. J. Braun, and Y. Boulanger Correlation of Regional Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Metabolic Changes With Cognitive Deficits in Mild Alzheimer Disease Arch Neurol, June 1, 2002; 59(6): 955 - 962. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Schuff, A. A. Capizzano, A. T. Du, D. L. Amend, J. O'Neill, D. Norman, J. Kramer, W. Jagust, B. Miller, O. M. Wolkowitz, et al. Selective reduction of N-acetylaspartate in medial temporal and parietal lobes in AD Neurology, March 26, 2002; 58(6): 928 - 935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Petersen, R. Doody, A. Kurz, R. C. Mohs, J. C. Morris, P. V. Rabins, K. Ritchie, M. Rossor, L. Thal, and B. Winblad Current Concepts in Mild Cognitive Impairment Arch Neurol, December 1, 2001; 58(12): 1985 - 1992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-Y. Hsu, A.-T. Du, N. Schuff, and M. W. Weiner Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Dementias J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, September 1, 2001; 14(3): 145 - 166. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kantarci, C. R. Jack Jr, Y. C. Xu, N. G. Campeau, P. C. O’Brien, G. E. Smith, R. J. Ivnik, B. F. Boeve, E. Kokmen, E. G. Tangalos, et al. Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease: Regional Diffusivity of Water Radiology, April 1, 2001; 219(1): 101 - 107. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Valenzuela and P. Sachdev Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in AD Neurology, March 13, 2001; 56(5): 592 - 598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
