Neurology 2001;56:997-1008
© 2001 American Academy of Neurology
Views & Reviews
Advances in the genetics of cerebrovascular disease and stroke
G.J. Hademenos, PhD;,
M.J. Alberts, MD;,
I. Awad, MD;,
M. Mayberg, MD;,
T. Shephard, RN;,
A. Jagoda, MD;,
R.E. Latchaw, MD;,
H.W. Todd,
K. Viste, MD;,
R. Starke, MD;,
M. St. John Girgus,
M. Walker, MD;,
J. Marler, MD;,
M. Emr and
N. Hart
From the participating organizations of the Brain Attack Coalition: American Heart Association, Dallas, TX, and American Stroke Association (Drs. Hademenos and Starke, and M. St. John Girgus); Stroke Belt Consortium (Dr. Alberts); University of Colorado Health Sciences Center (Dr. Awad), Denver; American Association of Neurological Surgeons and Congress of Neurological Surgeons (Dr. Mayberg); American Association of Neuroscience Nurses (T. Shephard); American College of Emergency Physicians (Dr. Jagoda), Irving, TX; American Society of Neuroradiology (Dr. Latchaw); National Stroke Association (H.W. Todd), Englewood, CO; the American Academy of Neurology (Dr. Viste), St. Paul, MN; and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Drs. Walker and Marler, and M. Emr and N. Hart), Bethesda, MD. Dr. Awad is not a member of the Brain Attack Coalition but served as expert content contributor to the document.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. George Hademenos, Office of Science & Medicine, American Heart Association National Center, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231-4596; e-mail: georgeh{at}heart.org
MEDLINE searches identified epidemiologic, experimental, and clinical studies on the genetics of cerebrovascular disease and stroke, including the following topics: genetic epidemiology of stroke; genetics of systemic disorders that cause ischemic stroke, including coagulation disorders, connective tissue disorders, vasculopathies, metabolic disorders, and disorders of unknown etiology; and genetics of systemic disorders that cause hemorrhagic stroke. Recent discoveries in stroke genetics involve the genetic basis of monogenic disorders such as cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy and sickle cell disease. Reproducing similar advances in other forms of cerebrovascular disease and stroke will be more difficult because their inheritance is complex, multigenic, and heterogeneous. However, the future is promising with the application of molecular genetic approaches such as linkage analysis, allele-sharing methods, association studies, and polygenic analysis of experimental crosses as well as the transmission/disequilibrium test—a statistical method for detection of linkage between a marker and a disease-susceptibility locus.
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