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*Both authors contributed equally to this study.
From the Roskamp Institute (Drs. Crawford and Mullan, M. Freeman, S. Singh, and L. Abdullah), University of South Florida, Tampa; James A. Haley Veterans Hospital (Drs. Crawford, Vanderploeg, and Mullan, M. Waisman, and L. Michaels), Defense and Veterans Head Injury Program, Tampa; Walter Reed Army Medical Center (Drs. Warden and Salazar), Defense and Veterans Head Injury Program, Washington, DC; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (Dr. Warden), Bethesda; and Laboratory of Neurogenetics (Dr. Lipsky), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. F.C. Crawford, Roskamp Institute, 3515 E. Fletcher Avenue, Tampa, FL 33613; e-mail: fcrawfor{at}hsc.usf.edu
APOE has been demonstrated to influence traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcome. The relationship between APOE genotype and memory following TBI was examined in 110 participants in the Defense and Veterans’ Head Injury Program. Memory performance was worse in those who had an APOE 
4 allele (n = 30) than those who did not (n = 80), whereas genotype groups did not differ on demographic or injury variables or on measures of executive functioning. These data support a specific role for the APOE protein in memory outcome following TBI, and suggest an APOE isoform–specific effect on neuronal repair processes.
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