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From the Departments of Neurology (Drs. Eikelenboom, Lazeron, Polman, and Uitdehaag) and Radiology (Dr. Barkhof), VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Neuroinflammation (Drs. Petzold, Thompson, and Giovannoni), Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, and Department of Neuroimmunology (Drs. Silber and Sharief), Guy’s Kings and St. Thomas Medical School, Kings College, London, UK.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. M.J. Eikelenboom, VU Medical Center, Dept of Neurology, Boelelaan 1117, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands; e-mail: j.eikelenboom{at}vumc.nl
Objective: To evaluate markers of axonal damage in CSF and serum of patients with different subtypes of MS in relation to measures of disease progression on MRI.
Methods: In 51 patients with MS (21 relapsing-remitting, 20 secondary progressive, 10 primary progressive), levels of heavy and light neurofilaments (NfH and NfL) and antibodies to neurofilaments (anti-NfL and -NfH) as well as the total immunoglobulin G (IgG) were analyzed. MRI analysis included T2 hyperintense, T1 hypointense, and gadolinium enhancing lesions and markers of cerebral atrophy (ventricular and parenchymal fractions).
Results: For the total group, correlations were found between the anti-NfL index and the parenchymal fraction (PF) (r = -0.51, p < 0.001), T2 lesion load (r = 0.41, p < 0.05), ventricular fraction (r = 0.37, p < 0.05), and T1 lesion load (r = 0.37, p < 0.05). For the anti-NfH index, a correlation was found with the PF (r = -0.39, p < 0.05). No correlations were found between the IgG index and MRI measures.
Conclusions: Intrathecal production of anti-NfL antibodies may serve as a marker of tissue damage, particularly axonal loss, in MS.
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