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Neurology 2003;60:1026-1029
© 2003 American Academy of Neurology
Brief Communications

Elevated polyunsaturated fatty acids in blood serum obtained from children on the ketogenic diet

D. D. Fraser, MD PhD, S. Whiting, MB BS, R. D. Andrew, PhD, E. A. Macdonald, MD, K. Musa–Veloso, MSc and S. C. Cunnane, PhD

From the Department of Paediatrics (Dr. Fraser, S. Whiting), Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (Drs. Fraser and Andrew), Queen’s University, Kingston; Clinical Trials Group (Drs. Fraser and Cunnane, S. Whiting), Canadian Paediatric Epilepsy Network (CPEN); Department of Paediatrics (Dr. Macdonald), Queen’s University, Kingston; and Department of Nutritional Sciences (Dr. Cunnane, K. Musa–Veloso), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Douglas D. Fraser, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Rd., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L2; e-mail: drfraser{at}hotmail.com

The authors analyzed blood metabolites in nine children with epilepsy prior to starting the ketogenic diet (KD) and 3 to 4 weeks after KD therapy. Elevated ß-hydroxybutyrate and cortisol levels were observed in all children on the KD. Free fatty acids increased 2.2-fold on the KD, with significant elevations in most polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; arachidonate increased 1.6- to 2.9-fold and docosahexaenoate increased 1.5- to 4.0-fold). The rise in total serum arachidonate correlated with improved seizure control. Elevated PUFA may represent a key anticonvulsant mechanism of the KD.




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