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Robot-aided sensorimotor arm training improves outcome in patients with chronic stroke

From the Department of Neurology and Neuroscience (Drs. Krebs and Volpe, M. Ferraro and J. Krol), Burke Institute of Medical Research, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, White Plains, NY; and Newman Laboratory (Drs. Krebs and Hogan, J.J. Palazzolo), Mechanical Engineering Department, and Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department (Dr. Hogan), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. B.T. Volpe, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Burke Institute of Medical Research, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 785 Mamaroneck Ave., White Plains, NY, 10605; e-mail: bvolpe{at}burke.org

Thirty patients with chronic stroke received 6 weeks of sensorimotor robotic training in a pilot study that targeted motor function of the affected shoulder and elbow. The impairment and disability scores were stable during a 2-month observation/measurement period, improved significantly by program completion, and remained robust in the 3-month follow-up. Task-specific motor training attenuated a chronic neurologic deficit well beyond the expected period for improvement after stroke.

Received April 11, 2003. Accepted in final form August 13, 2003.

Drs. N. Hogan and H.I. Krebs are co-inventors in the MIT-held patent for the robotic device used to treat patients in this work. They hold equity positions in Interactive Motion Technologies, Inc., the company that manufactures this type of technology under license to MIT.

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