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Neurology 2003;61:241-243
© 2003 American Academy of Neurology
Brief Communications

Herpes simplex encephalitis relapses in children

Differentiation of two neurologic entities

X. De Tiège, MD*, F. Rozenberg, MD PhD*, V. Des Portes, MD PhD, J.B. Lobut, MD, P. Lebon, MD, G. Ponsot, MD and B. Héron, MD

*These authors contributed equally to this work.
From the Departments of Pediatric Neurology (Drs. De Tiège, Des Portes, Ponsot, and Héron) and Virology (Drs. Rozenberg and Lebon), Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris; and Department of Pediatrics (Dr. Lobut), Centre Hospitalier de Gonesse, France.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Bénédicte Héron, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, 82 avenue Denfert Rochereau, 75674 Paris Cedex 14, France; e-mail: benedicte.heron{at}wanadoo.fr

Relapses of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) occurring after the completion of antiviral treatment have been reported repeatedly in children. The authors report data on six children who had at least one relapse of HSE. Two different mechanisms may account for these relapses, including viral replication or an immuno-inflammatory process, with different therapeutic attitudes. Relapses with viral replication may reveal host susceptibility to herpes simplex virus infection.




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