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[¹¹C](R)-PK11195 PET imaging of microglial activation in multiple system atrophy

From MRC Clinical Sciences Center and Division of Neuroscience (Drs. Gerhard, Banati, Goerres, Cagnin, Myers, Gunn, Turkheimer, Mathias, and Brooks), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of Nuclear Medicine (Dr. Goerres), University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry (Dr. Cagnin), University of Padua, Italy; Imaging Research Solutions Ltd. (Drs. Myers, Turkheimer, and Brooks), Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK; McConnell Brain Imaging Center (Dr. Gunn), Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada; Institute of Neurology (Drs. Good, Mathias, and Quinn), Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Neurology (Dr. Schwarz), University of Leipzig, Germany.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. A. Gerhard, Cyclotron Building, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Rd., London W12 0NN, UK; e-mail: alexander.gerhard{at}csc.mrc.ac.uk

Microglia, the brain’s intrinsic macrophages, bind (R)-PK11195 when activated by neuronal injury. The authors used [¹¹C](R)-PK11195 PET to localize in vivo microglial activation in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Increased [¹¹C](R)-PK11195 binding was primarily found in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, putamen, pallidum, pons, and substantia nigra, reflecting the known distribution of neuropathologic changes in MSA. Providing an indicator of disease activity, [¹¹C](R)-PK11195 PET can thus be used to characterize the in vivo neuropathology of MSA.

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