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From the Institute for Ageing and Health (Drs. Mosimann, O’Brien, Burn, and McKeith), Newcastle upon Tyne; Psychology Department (Dr. Mather), Life Sciences School, University of Sussex, Brighton; and Cognitive Drug Research Ltd. (Dr. Wesnes), Oxon, UK.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Urs P. Mosimann, Institute for Ageing and Health, Wolfson Research Centre, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK; e-mail: u.p.mosimann{at}ncl.ac.uk
Objective: To quantify visual discrimination, space-motion, and object-form perception in patients with Parkinson disease dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Alzheimer disease (AD).
Methods: The authors used a cross-sectional study to compare three demented groups matched for overall dementia severity (PDD: n = 24; DLB: n = 20; AD: n = 23) and two age-, sex-, and education-matched control groups (PD: n = 24, normal controls [NC]: n = 25).
Results: Visual perception was globally more impaired in PDD than in nondemented controls (NC, PD), but was not different from DLB. Compared to AD, PDD patients tended to perform worse in all perceptual scores. Visual perception of patients with PDD/DLB and visual hallucinations was significantly worse than in patients without hallucinations.
Conclusions: Parkinson disease dementia (PDD) is associated with profound visuoperceptual impairments similar to dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) but different from Alzheimer disease. These findings are consistent with previous neuroimaging studies reporting hypoactivity in cortical areas involved in visual processing in PDD and DLB.
Received May 8, 2004. Accepted in final form August 13, 2004.
Additional material related to this article can be found on the Neurology Web site. Go to www.neurology.org and scroll down the Table of Contents for the December 14 issue to find the title link for this article.
G.M. received a research grant in excess of $10,000 from CDR for the programming of the test battery used in the present study. K.A.W. is the Chief executive of CDR. I.G.M. has previously received research support from CDR.
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