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High-frequency rTMS improves time perception in Parkinson disease

From the Clinica Neurologica (Drs. Koch, Brusa, Stanzione, and Caltagirone), Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Tor Vergata, Rome; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS (Drs. Koch, Oliveri, Brusa, Stanzione, Torriero, and Caltagirone), Rome; and Dipartimento di Psicologia (Dr. Oliveri), Università di Palermo, Italy.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Giacomo Koch, Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Laboratorio di Neurologia Clinica e Comportamentale, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy; e-mail: giakoch{at}libero.it

Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) are impaired in time processing. The authors investigated the effects of high-frequency (5 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with PD performing a time reproduction task. The authors found significant improvement in time processing induced by rTMS when trains were applied over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) but not over the supplementary motor area, suggesting that the circuit involving the basal ganglia and the DLPFC might constitute the neural network subserving time perception.

Received March 29, 2004. Accepted in final form August 6, 2004.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. Koch, M. Oliveri, and C. Caltagirone Neural networks engaged in milliseconds and seconds time processing: evidence from transcranial magnetic stimulation and patients with cortical or subcortical dysfunction Phil Trans R Soc B, July 12, 2009; 364(1525): 1907 - 1918. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Koch, L. Brusa, C. Caltagirone, A. Peppe, M. Oliveri, P. Stanzione, and D. Centonze rTMS of supplementary motor area modulates therapy-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson disease Neurology, August 23, 2005; 65(4): 623 - 625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]