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Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy

From the Section of Neurological Clinic (Drs. Govoni, De Vito, Economou, Cesnik, Casetta, and Granieri) and Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Dr. Mollica), Ferrara University, Italy; Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology (Drs. Manconi and Ferini-Strambi), Vita-Salute University, IRCCS H.S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Mauro Manconi, Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Vita-Salute University, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy; e-mail: manconi.mauro{at}hsr.it

Objective: To perform a large and detailed epidemiologic study on restless legs syndrome (RLS) during pregnancy and the puerperium.

Methods: A structured clinical interview, assessing symptoms since the beginning of pregnancy, was performed to a population of 642 pregnant women at the time of delivery and at follow-up evaluation (1, 3, and 6 months after delivery). Main hematologic tests were also evaluated. A woman was considered affected if she met the International RLS Study Group criteria for RLS diagnosis.

Results: Twenty-six percent of women were affected by RLS during their pregnancy. The disease was strongly related to the third trimester of pregnancy and tended to disappear reaching the time of delivery. Affected women presented lower values of hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume compared with healthy subjects (both groups received the same supplemental iron and folate therapy).

Conclusions: Pregnancy is associated with transient restless legs syndrome.

Received February 3, 2004. Accepted in final form May 21, 2004.

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