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Testosterone improves spatial memory in men with Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment

From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Drs. Cherrier, Peskind, Raskind, and Craft), Department of Medicine (Drs. Matsumoto, Amory, and Bremner), Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine (Dr. Matsumoto), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (S. Asthana), Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; and Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (Drs. Matsumoto, Peskind, Raskind, and Craft), Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (Drs. Cherrier, Peskind, and Raskind), Department of Veterans Affairs, Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Monique M. Cherrier, S-116 MIRECC VAPSHCS, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108; e-mail: cherrier{at}u.washington.edu

Objective: To determine the efficacy of testosterone (T) supplementation on cognition in a sample of men with Alzheimer disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Fifteen patients with AD and 17 patients with MCI aged 63 to 85 years completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nineteen participants received weekly intramuscular (IM) injections of 100 mg T enanthate and 13 participants received weekly injections of placebo (saline) for 6 weeks. Cognitive evaluations using a battery of neuropsychological tests were conducted at baseline, week 3, and week 6 of treatment and again after 6 weeks of washout.

Results: Peak serum total T levels were raised from baseline an average of 295% in the active treatment group. Improvements in spatial memory (p < 0.05) and constructional abilities (p < 0.05) and verbal memory were evident in the T group. No changes were noted for selective and divided attention or language. Prostate specific antigen did not significantly change during this brief treatment.

Conclusion: Testosterone supplementation may benefit selective cognitive functions in men with Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Additional material related to this article can be found on the Neurology Web site. Go to www.neurology.org and scroll down the Table of Contents for the June 28 issue to find the title link for this article.

Supported in part by NIA award #K01AG00858, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Clinical Research Center Facility at the University of Washington #M01-RR-00037.

Received September 28, 2004. Accepted in final form March 14, 2005.

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