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NEUROLOGY 2005;64:876-879
© 2005 American Academy of Neurology
Brief Communications

Midazolam in neonatal seizures with no response to phenobarbital

J. R. Castro Conde, MD, A. A. Hernández Borges, MD, E. Doménech Martínez, MD, C. González Campo, MD and R. Perera Soler, MD

From the Neonatology Service (Drs. Castro Conde, Hernández Borges, Doménech Martínez, González Campo, and Perera Soler), University Hospital of the Canary Islands, and Faculty of Medicine (Drs. Castro Conde, Hernández Borges, and Doménech Martínez), University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. J.R. Castro Conde, Neonatology Service, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, Ofra S/N, La Laguna 28230, Spain; e-mail: jcastro{at}ull.es

The outcome of 45 neonates with EEG-confirmed seizures (ESz) was analyzed with regard to treatment. ESz persisted in 17 of 32 neonates receiving phenobarbital/phenytoin (13 had a poor outcome, 4 died). In contrast, ESz were rapidly controlled in 13 of 13 nonresponders to phenobarbital/phenytoin treated with midazolam (4 had poor outcome, 2 died). Nonresponders to phenobarbital/phenytoin had a significantly worse outcome than responders did. Midazolam effectively controlled ESz in nonresponders to phenobarbital/phenytoin and correlated with significantly improved long-term neurodevelopment.


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