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NEUROLOGY 2005;65:1455-1459
© 2005 American Academy of Neurology
Historical Neurology

Leão's cortical spreading depression

From experimental "artifact" to physiological principle

H.A.G. Teive, MD, PhD, P. A. Kowacs, MD, P. Maranhão Filho, MD, PhD, E. J. Piovesan, MD and L. C. Werneck, MD, PhD

From the Neurology Service, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Hélio A.G. Teive, Rua General Carneiro 1103/102, Centro, 80060-150, Curitiba, Pr, Brazil; e-mail: hagteive{at}mps.com.br.

Cortical spreading depression was described in 1943 by Aristides Leão, a Brazilian neurophysiologist. Initially considered to be a mysterious event as it was discovered serendipitously, its nature has become progressively better known. Cortical spreading depression is now accepted as the mechanism underlying migraine aura and has became known as either Leão's spreading depression or cortical spreading depression. Recent studies have suggested a role for Leão's cortical spreading depression in the pathogenesis and symptomatology of neurologic disorders such as transient global amnesia, head injury, and cerebrovascular diseases.

Presented in part at the 55th annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology; Honolulu, HI; March 29 to April 5, 2003.

Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Received December 30, 2004. Accepted in final form July 18, 2005.




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