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From McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (J.T.C., D.L.C., D.L.A.); The Ottawa Hospital-General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (H.L.A., M.S.F.); and McGill University Health Centre Stem Cell Transplant Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (A.G.).
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Arnold, Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 University, WB 321, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; e-mail: doug{at}mrs.mni.mcgill.ca
The authors measured brain atrophy in nine patients undergoing immunoablation and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis. From baseline to 1 month after treatment, atrophy was 10 times faster than before treatment. A patient with non-CNS lymphoma showed comparable acute brain atrophy after analogous therapy. These observations suggest that brain atrophy after immunoablation may not be due entirely to the resolution of edema but may be related to chemotoxicity.
The Canadian MS Bone Marrow Study is funded by The Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation.
Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Received September 5, 2005. Accepted in final form March 10, 2006.
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