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Memory impairment in now abstinent MDMA users and continued users: A longitudinal follow-up

From the Department of Life Sciences, University of Toronto at Scarborough.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Konstantine K. Zakzanis, PhD, University of Toronto at Scarborough, Department of Life Sciences (Neuroscience), 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; e-mail: zakzanis{at}utsc.utoronto.ca

The authors further investigated the functional consequences of continued neurotoxicity of (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use. Fifteen participants who were previously given a brief neuropsychological battery were tested for a third time 2 years after baseline. At 2 years, seven participants were still using MDMA, whereas eight participants had become abstinent from MDMA since 1-year testing. Current users demonstrated further declines in memory ability; former users improved on several memory measures or remained static in performance.

Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Received September 6, 2005. Accepted in final form November 8, 2005.

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