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NEUROLOGY 2006;67:1065-1067
© 2006 American Academy of Neurology
Brief Communications

Leukoencephalopathy induced by levamisole alone for the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers

H. M. Liu, MD, W. J. Hsieh, MD, C. C. Yang, MD, V. C. Wu, MD and K. D. Wu, MD, PhD

From the Department of Medical Imaging (H.M.L., W.J.H.), Neurology (C.C.Y.) and Internal Medicine (V.C.W., K.D.W.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Hon-Man Liu, Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan; e-mail: hml{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw

We report imaging and clinical findings of leukoencephalopathy occurring after levamisole. The lesions were hypoattenuating on CT and appeared as multifocal oval or elliptical foci in the white matter or along the subependymal veins on MRI. Most lesions resolve after prompt withdrawal of levamisole. Detailed history taking is important for diagnosing levamisole-induced leukoencephalopathy because multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis cannot be differentiated by neuroimaging findings alone.

Additional material related to this article can be found on the Neurology Web site. Go to www.neurology.org and scroll down the Table of Contents for the September 26 issue to find the title link for this article.

Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Received January 13, 2006. Accepted in final form May 31, 2006.






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