| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 integrin therapy for multiple sclerosis. Mechanisms and rationale
From the Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (Dr. Rice), University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, Canada; Department of Neurology (Dr. Hartung), Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany; and Department of Neurology (Dr. Calabresi), The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: grice{at}uwo.ca.
Abstract-- The symptoms, severity, and course of multiple sclerosis (MS) vary among patients, leading to complex treatment issues. In recent years, research has focused on specific adhesion molecules that participate in the activation and function of lymphocytes, especially the migration of these cells to sites of inflammation. In particular, the integrin, very late activation antigen (VLA)-4, has been implicated in mediating adhesion and migration of immune cells through interaction with its ligand, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. VLA-4 is comprised of 
4/
1 and is critical in mediating Th-1 cell migration in the animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and has been the target of several recent clinical trials in MS. The humanized monoclonal antibody to 4 integrin, natalizumab (Tysabri, Biogen Idec/Elan), was recently approved in the United States for the treatment of relapsing MS. The authors discuss the mechanisms by which 4 integrins alter lymphocyte function as a rationale for anti-4 integrin use in MS.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. H. Mills, L. F. Thompson, C. Mueller, A. T. Waickman, S. Jalkanen, J. Niemela, L. Airas, and M. S. Bynoe CD73 is required for efficient entry of lymphocytes into the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis PNAS, July 8, 2008; 105(27): 9325 - 9330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Linker and B. C. Kieseier Review: Innovative monoclonal antibody therapies in multiple sclerosis Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders, July 1, 2008; 1(1): 33 - 42. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Zohren, D. Toutzaris, V. Klarner, H.-P. Hartung, B. Kieseier, and R. Haas The monoclonal anti-VLA-4 antibody natalizumab mobilizes CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells in humans Blood, April 1, 2008; 111(7): 3893 - 3895. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. S. Smith and S. R. Barnum Differential expression of 2-integrins and cytokine production between {gamma}{delta} and {alpha} T cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2008; 83(1): 71 - 79. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Cabrelle, I. Dell'Aica, L. Melchiori, S. Carraro, E. Brunetta, R. Niero, E. Scquizzato, G. D'Intino, L. Calza, S. Garbisa, et al. Hyperforin down-regulates effector function of activated T lymphocytes and shows efficacy against Th1-triggered CNS inflammatory-demyelinating disease J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2008; 83(1): 212 - 219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M. Ransohoff Natalizumab for Multiple Sclerosis N. Engl. J. Med., June 21, 2007; 356(25): 2622 - 2629. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Sadhu, H. J. Ting, B. Lipsky, K. Hensley, L. F. Garcia-Martinez, S. I. Simon, and D. E. Staunton CD11c/CD18: novel ligands and a role in delayed-type hypersensitivity J. Leukoc. Biol., June 1, 2007; 81(6): 1395 - 1403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. A. Choudry and J. W. Chan An Update on Monoclonal Antibody Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis Journal of Pharmacy Practice, April 1, 2007; 20(2): 167 - 180. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Lima, A. Marzocchetti, P. Autissier, T. Tompkins, Y. Chen, J. Gordon, D. B. Clifford, R. T. Gandhi, N. Venna, J. R. Berger, et al. Frequency and Phenotype of JC Virus-Specific CD8+ T Lymphocytes in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy J. Virol., April 1, 2007; 81(7): 3361 - 3368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Stuve, C. M. Marra, P. D. Cravens, M. P. Singh, W. Hu, A. Lovett-Racke, N. L. Monson, J. T. Phillips, J. W. C. Tervaert, R. A. Nash, et al. Potential Risk of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Natalizumab Therapy: Possible Interventions Arch Neurol, February 1, 2007; 64(2): 169 - 176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. S. Mohamood, C. J. Trujillo, D. Zheng, C. Jie, F. M. Murillo, J. P. Schneck, and A. R. A. Hamad Gld mutation of Fas ligand increases the frequency and up-regulates cell survival genes in CD25+CD4+ TR cells Int. Immunol., August 1, 2006; 18(8): 1265 - 1277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Yousry, E. O. Major, C. Ryschkewitsch, G. Fahle, S. Fischer, J. Hou, B. Curfman, K. Miszkiel, N. Mueller-Lenke, E. Sanchez, et al. Evaluation of patients treated with natalizumab for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N. Engl. J. Med., March 2, 2006; 354(9): 924 - 933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Chaudhuri Lessons for clinical trials from natalizumab in multiple sclerosis. BMJ, February 18, 2006; 332(7538): 416 - 419. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.K. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters and K. L. Tyler Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Complicating Treatment with Natalizumab and Interferon Beta-1a for Multiple Sclerosis N. Engl. J. Med., July 28, 2005; 353(4): 369 - 374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
