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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate whether amyloid-related imaging abnormalities with edema/effusion (ARIA-E) observed in bapineuzumab clinical trials was associated with specific biomarker patterns.

Methods

Bapineuzumab, an anti-β-amyloid monoclonal antibody, was evaluated in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Amyloid PET imaging, CSF biomarkers, or volumetric MRI (vMRI) were assessed.

Results

A total of 1,512 participants underwent one or more biomarker assessments; 154 developed incident ARIA-E. No differences were observed at baseline between ARIA-E and non-ARIA-E participants in brain amyloid burden by PET, the majority of vMRI measures, or CSF biomarkers, with the exception of lower baseline CSF Aβ42 in APOE ε4 noncarrier ARIA-E vs non-ARIA-E groups (bapineuzumab non-ARIA-E p = 0.027; placebo non-ARIA-E p = 0.012). At week 71, bapineuzumab-treated participants with ARIA-E vs non-ARIA-E showed greater reduction in brain amyloid PET, greater reductions in CSF phosphorylated tau (p-tau) (all comparisons p < 0.01), and total tau (t-tau) (all comparisons p < 0.025), and greater hippocampal volume reduction and ventricular enlargement (all p < 0.05). Greater reduction in CSF Aβ40 concentrations was observed for ARIA-E versus both non-ARIA-E groups (bapineuzumab/placebo non-ARIA-E p = 0.015/0.049). No group differences were observed at week 71 for changes in whole brain volume or CSF Aβ42.

Conclusions

Baseline biomarkers largely do not predict risk for developing ARIA-E. ARIA-E was associated with significant longitudinal changes in several biomarkers, with larger reductions in amyloid PET and CSF p-tau and t-tau concentrations, and paradoxically greater hippocampal volume reduction and ventricular enlargement, suggesting that ARIA-E in bapineuzumab-treated cases may be related to increased Aβ efflux from the brain and affecting downstream pathogenic processes.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Neurology®
Volume 90Number 10March 6, 2018
Pages: e877-e886
PubMed: 29429971

Publication History

Received: May 27, 2017
Accepted: November 21, 2017
Published online: February 2, 2018
Published in print: March 6, 2018

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Disclosure

E. Liu was an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC, at the time the studies were conducted and the manuscript initiated and is now an employee of Prothena, Biosciences, Inc. D. Wang is an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC. R. Sperling has served as a consultant for Roche, Janssen, Lundbeck, Genentech, Bracket, Sanofi, AbbVie, and Biogen. She has received research support from Eli Lilly and Company and Janssen Research and Development. S. Salloway is a consultant to Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, Avid/Lilly, GE Healthcare, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Roche, iPierian, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Merck, and Piramal. His hospital receives research support for the conduct of clinical trials sponsored by Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, Lilly, Merck, Roche, Functional Neuromodulation, Biogen, Genentech, Avid, and GE Healthcare. N. Fox has provided consultancy to Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy and UCL received payment for MRI analysis. His research group has also received payment for consultancy or for conducting studies from AVID, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Elan, Eisai, Lilly, GE Healthcare, IXICO, Johnson & Johnson, Lundbeck, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Wyeth. Dr. Fox receives no personal compensation for the aforementioned activities. K. Blennow receives research support to his laboratory from Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy for collaborative projects, and has served at advisory boards and for consultancy for IBL International, Fujirebio Europe, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, Eli Lilly, Amgen, Sanofi-Aventis, and Alzheon. P. Scheltens' research group received research support from Merck, GE, and Piramal. His research group has also received payment for consultancy or for conducting studies from Roche, Novartis, Forum, Lilly, Sanofi, and Probiodrug. Dr. Scheltens receives no personal compensation for these activities. M. Schmidt is an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC. J. Streffer is an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC. G. Novak is an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC. S. Einstein is an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC. K. Booth is an employee of Pfizer, Inc. N. Ketter was an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC, at the time the studies were conducted and the manuscript initiated and is now retired. H. Brashear is an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC. Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures.

Study Funding

These studies were supported by Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research & Development, LLC, and Pfizer Inc.

Authors

Affiliations & Disclosures

Enchi Liu, PhD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
(1) Prothena Biosciences, Inc. 2 years Program Team Leader; (2) Janssen Research & Development; Senior Director in Neuroscience Biomarkers, 6 years; (3) Elan Pharmaceuticals, Director clinical development, 9 years
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
Grant reveiwer: Weston Brain Foundation, honoraria (∼$500 per review)
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Dai Wang, PhD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
(1) Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Principal Scientist, 10 years
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Reisa Sperling, MD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Commercial -Genentech travel to pre-AAIC meeting Commercial- Otsuka pharmaceuticals Commercial- Lundbeck Not for profit- travel for NIH
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Personal: 1) Abbvie, commercial 2) Biogen, commercial 3) Genentech, commercial 4) Bracket, commercial 5)Roche, commercial 6) Sanofi, commercial 7) Lundbeck, commercial 8)Avid, commercial 9)Isis Pharmaceuticals, commercial 10)Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, commercial 11) Merck 12) General Electric, Commercial 13) Eli Lilly, commercial Spouse: 1)Lundbeck, commercial 2) Piramal Healthcare, commercial, 3) Siemens, commercial 4) Novartis
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Janssen- investigator-initiated imaging study, 2012-2014. Eli Lilly- clinical trial support 2014-present
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
1) National Institute on Aging R01AG027435, Principal investigator, 2006-2017; 2) National Institute on Aging P01AG036694, principal investigator, 2010-2015; 3) National Institute on Aging P50AG005134, 2009-2014, Project leader; 4) National Institute on Aging U19 AG10483, Project Leader A4 trial, 2012-2017.
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
American Health Assistance Foundation, principal investigator, 2010-2014. Alzheimer's Association, co-principal investigator, 2012- 2014.
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Stephen Salloway, MD, MS
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
AVID, scientific advisory board Pfizer, scientific advisory board, 2005-12 Avid-Lilly scientific advisory board, 2012-2015 Roche scientific advisory board, 2012-2015 Merck scientific advisory board, 2012-2015, Novartis scientific advisory board, 2013, Genentech scientific advisory board, 2013-2015 All < $5,000
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Journal of Alzheimer's Prevention 2014-2015, Alzheimer?s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring, 2015
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
American Psychiatric Press Inc-The Frontal Lobes and Neuropsychiatric Illness and The Neuropsychiatry of Limbic and Subcortical Disorders Humana Press-Vascular Dementia
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Janssen 2017 - Lilly 2015 - Lilly 2016 - Genentech 2016 - Avid 2015 - Merck 2015 - Biogen 2015 - Eisai 2017 - Novartis 2017 -
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, 2014 - Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network, 2014 -
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
The Norman and Rosalie Fain Family Foundation, 2015 The Alzheimer's Association, 2015
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Nick C. Fox, MD, FRCP
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Payments were made to University College London (1)Biogen
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
(1) Alzheimer's Disease and Associated Disorders, Editorial Board Member, 2004 to present; No compensation (2) Neurodegenerative Diseases, Editorial Board Member, 2004 to present; No compensation (3) Alzheimer?s Research and Therapy, Editorial Board Member, 2008 to present; No compensation (4) Lancet Neurology, Editorial Board Member, 2014 to present; No compensation
Patents:
1.
(1) QA Box for automated checking of MRI scans; Filed 4 May 2007
Publishing Royalties:
1.
(1) Neuroimaging in Dementia, Springer, 2011
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Payments were made to University College London. (1) Janssen (2) Roche/Genentech (3)Eli Lilly (4) Novartis Pharma AG (5) Sanofi (6) GSK (7) Biogen
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Payments were made to the Dementia Research Centre, UCL (no personal compensation to me) for A. Image analyses for: (1) Janssen Alzheimer's Immunotherapy (2) Wyeth B. My Institution also received payment for my participation on advisory boards for (1) Novartis, 2015 (2) Eli Lilly, 2015 (3) Genentech/Roche, 2014 (4) GSK, 2015 (5) Biogen, 2016 - for DMC participation All payments were made to my Institution (University College London) and although I did not receive personal compensation these payments benefited my research group.
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
(1)NIHR BRC award (Co-lead) (?5 million) 2017-2022 (2) MRC UK Dementia Research Institute (PI) (?600,000) 2017- 2022 (3) NIHR, Senior Investigator Award, 2009-2017
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
(1) Wolfson Foundation, funding for the Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Kaj Blennow, MD, PhD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Dr Blennow has served at advisory boards or as a consultant for Alzheon, Eli Lilly, IBL International, Pfizer, Roche Diagnostics, Amgen, and Sanofi-Aventis.
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Fujirebio Europe
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
Co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB, a GU Venture-based platform company at the University of Gothenburg
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
The Research Council, Sweden (project # 14002) and LUA/ALF project, V?stra G?talandsregionen, Sweden (project # ALFGBG-11019)
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
Dr. Blennow holds the Torsten S?derberg professorship in Medicine.
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
The Torsten S?derberg Foundation at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Alzheimer Foundation, Sweden, the Stiftelsen f?r Gamla Tj?narinnor, Stockholm, Sweden and Hj?rnfonden, Sweden.
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Philip Scheltens, MD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Medavante, Roche, Biogen, Genentech
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Roche Diagnostics
Editorial Boards:
1.
co-editor-in-chief Alz Res & Therapy
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Piramal
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Alzheimer Nederland; sponsor Alzheimer Center, from 2000 onwards Stichting VUmc fonds: sponsor Alzheimer Center from 2005 onwards Innovation Fund: sponsor of Center 2009-2014
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Mark E. Schmidt, MD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
I am a full time employee of Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, NV
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Senior Director, 12 years
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, fully time employee in Research & Development, Neuroscience therapeutic area.
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
Johnson & Johnson Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials: Johnson & Johnson, 12 years
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Johannes Streffer, MD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, associated editor, 2017
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
(1) Janssen Pharmaceutica, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Senior Director, 2007-2017 Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials: (1) Johnson & Johnson
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Gerald Novak, MD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
(1)Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, reviewer, 2016 (2) NeuroImage Clinical, reviewer, 2016, 2017 No compensation for either
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
Janssen Research and Development, LLC; Senior Director; 2001- 2017 (present)
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
Johnson and Johnson (JNJ), stock ownership
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Steve Einstein, MSE
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
(1)Janssen R & D, Senior Scientist, Neuroscience Biomarkers, 1.5 years
Consultancies:
1.
(2) Janssen R & D (contractor), Clinical Development, Biomarkers, 5.5 years
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Kevin Booth, MD, DVM
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
Pfizer, Inc., Director 8 years Wyeth, Inc., Associate Director, 3 years
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Pfizer, Inc (Employee) Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials: Pfizer, Inc., 2009-present Wyeth, Inc. 2005-2009
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Nzeera Ketter, MD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
Janssen LLC retired
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Janssen LLC retired
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
Janssen LLC
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
H. Robert Brashear, MD
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
In 2016 I led an internal Janssen Data Monitoring Committee for a Ph2 study of a BACE inhibitor, not marketed and unrelated to the study in the manuscript.
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
I am on the editorial board of the Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease since 2014.
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
I am an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC. I have been an employee of Janssen research companies since 2001.
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
I am an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC.
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
I am an employee of Janssen Research and Development, LLC and received stock and stock options in the company. I have been an employee of Janssen research companies since 2001.
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
For the ELN115727-301/302 Investigator Group
From Janssen Research & Development, LLC (E.L.), La Jolla, CA; Janssen Research & Development, LLC (D.W., G.N., S.E.), Titusville, NJ; Brigham and Women's Hospital (R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Brown University (S.S.), Providence, RI; UCL Institute of Neurology (N.C.F.), London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology (K.B.), The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; VUMC (P.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Janssen Pharmaceuticals (M.E.S., J.S.), NV, Beerse, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM) (J.S.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Pfizer, Inc. (K.B.), Collegeville, PA; and Janssen Research & Development, LLC (N.K., H.R.B.), Fremont, CA.

Notes

Correspondence Dr. Liu [email protected]
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Coinvestigators are listed at links.lww.com/WNL/A214.

Author Contributions

E. Liu, G. Novak, J. Streffer, S. Einstein, M. Schmidt, H.R. Brashear: study concept and design, study supervision and coordination, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting/revising manuscript for content. R. Sperling, S. Salloway: study concept and design, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting/revising manuscript for content. P. Scheltens, N.C. Fox, K. Blennow: analysis and interpretation of data, drafting/revising manuscript for content. D. Wang: analysis and interpretation of data, statistical analysis, drafting/revising manuscript for content. K. Booth: study concept and design, manuscript review and content revision. N. Ketter: MRI ARIA-E data review and interpretation, manuscript review, content revision.

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