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February 1, 2019

Distribution of cerebral microbleeds in the East and West
Individual participant meta-analysis

Yusuke Yakushiji, MD, PhD https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5891-337X, Duncan Wilson, MD, PhD, Gareth Ambler, PhD, Andreas Charidimou, MD, PhD, Alexa Beiser, PhD, Mark A. van Buchem, MD, PhD, Charles DeCarli, MD, … Show All … , Ding Ding, MPH, PhD, Villi Gudnason, MD, PhD, Hideo Hara, MD, PhD, Toshio Imaizumi, MD, PhD, Katsuhiko Kohara, MD, PhD, Hyung-Min Kwon, MD, PhD, Lenore J. Launer, PhD, Vincent Mok, MD, Thanh Phan, PhD, Sarah R. Preis, ScD, José Rafael Romero, MD, Sudha Seshadri, MD, Velandai Srikanth, MD, PhD, Yuki Takashima, MD, PhD, Yoshito Tsushima, MD, PhD, Zhaolu Wang, PhD, Philip A. Wolf, MD, Yunyun Xiong, MD, PhD, Shuhei Yamaguchi, MD, PhD, and David J. Werring, FRCP, PhDAuthors Info & Affiliations
March 5, 2019 issue
92 (10) e1086-e1097
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000007039
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Abstract

Objective

We investigated differences in the anatomical distribution of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on MRI, hypothesized to indicate the type of underlying cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), between Eastern and Western general populations.

Methods

We analyzed data from 11 studies identified by a PubMed search between 1996 and April 2014 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data. Study quality measures indicated low or medium risk of bias. We included stroke-free participants from populations aged between 55 and 75 years, categorized by geographic location (Eastern or Western). We categorized CMB distribution (strictly lobar, deep and/or infratentorial [D/I], or mixed [i.e., CMBs located in both lobar and D/I regions]). We tested the hypothesis that Eastern and Western populations have different anatomical distributions of CMBs using multivariable mixed effects logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, and hypertension and clustering by institution.

Results

Among 8,595 stroke-free individuals (mean age [SD] 66.7 [5.6] years; 48% male; 42% from a Western population), 624 (7.3%) had CMBs (strictly lobar in 3.1%; D/I or mixed in 4.2%). In multivariable mixed effects models, Eastern populations had higher odds of D/I or mixed CMBs (adjusted odds ratio 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.77–4.35) compared to Western populations. Eastern populations had a higher number of D/I or mixed CMBs (adjusted prevalence ratio 2.83, 95% CI 1.27–6.31).

Conclusions

Eastern and Western general populations have different anatomical distributions of CMBs, suggesting differences in the spectrum of predominant underlying SVDs, with potential implications for SVD diagnosis and treatment.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Neurology®
Volume 92 • Number 10 • March 5, 2019
Pages: e1086-e1097
PubMed: 30709966

Copyright

© 2019 American Academy of Neurology.

Publication History

Received: May 27, 2018
Accepted: October 31, 2018
Published online: February 1, 2019
Published in print: March 5, 2019

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Disclosure

Y. Yakushiji received funding from a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) and JSPS KAKENHI (Grant 15k10364). D. Wilson, G. Ambler, A. Charidimou, A. Beiser, M. van Buchem, C. DeCarli, D. Ding, V. Gudnason, H. Hara, T. Imaizumi, K. Kohara, H. Kwon, L. Launer, V. Mok, T. Phan, S. Preis, J. Romero, S. Seshadri, V. Srikanth, Y. Takashima, Y. Tsushima, Z. Wang, P. Wolf, Y. Xiong, S. Yamaguchi, and D. Werring report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures.

Study Funding

Supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), JSPS KAKENHI (Grant 15k10364), and by a research grant from the Japan Brain Dock Society (2015-04).

Authors

Affiliations & Disclosures

Yusuke Yakushiji, MD, PhD* https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5891-337X
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Novartis Pharma Research Grants 2017
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Number 15k10364), Principal Investigator, 2015-2018
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
a Grant-in-Aid for research of brain dock, Japan Brain Dock Society (2015-04)
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
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Duncan Wilson, MD, PhD*
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Gareth Ambler, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Journal of Colorectal Disease, Statistical Advisor, 2010-
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
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NONE
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Andreas Charidimou, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Bodossaki Foundation, Greece
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
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Alexa Beiser, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
Brooks Cole, Introductory Applied Statistics, 2005
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NIH/NINDS, biostatistician, 2 R01 NS017950-28, 2009-2014 NIH/NIA, biostatistician, 5 R01 AG08122, 2005-2010 NIH/NIA, biostatistician, 2 R01 AG16495, 2005-2010 NIA/NINDS, biostatistician, 1 R01 AG033040-01, 2009-2013 NIH/NHLBI, biostatistician, R01 HL093029-01A1, 2009-2011
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Mark A. van Buchem, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Charles DeCarli, MD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
1) Novartis Pharmaceuticals
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
1)Novartis Pharmaceuticals
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
National Institutes of Health
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Ding Ding, MPH, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Villi Gudnason, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NIH/AG-1-2100/PI/2001-2017
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Icelandic Heart Association
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Hideo Hara, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
a Grant -in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 17k09758, chief investigator, 2017- 2019
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Toshio Imaizumi, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Katsuhiko Kohara, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Hyung-Min Kwon, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
BMC Neurology, aasociate editor, 2017-2018
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Lenore J. Launer, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Employee, 1999-present
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Vincent Mok, MD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Thanh Phan, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Advisory Board for Genzyme
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Speaker honoraria for Genzyme, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Pfizer, BMS
Editorial Boards:
1.
Associate Editor, Frontiers in Neurology (Stroke subsection) and PLOS ONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Advisory Board for Genzyme
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
Genzyme; Bayer; Boehringer Ingelheim; Pfizer, BMS
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Sarah R. Preis, ScD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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José Rafael Romero, MD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
View all articles by this author
Sudha Seshadri, MD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Associate Editor since 2005. Stroke: Editorial Board since 2010. Neurology: Editorial Board since 2011.
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NIA AG033040, AG049505, AG033193, AG049607, AG054076, AG052409 NINDS NS017950, NS100605
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Velandai Srikanth, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
(1) International Journal of Stroke, 2013, (2) Frontiers of Neurology, 2014
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, grants 403000, 491109, 606544' years 2006 till present.
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Yuki Takashima, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Yoshito Tsushima, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
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Zhaolu Wang, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
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NONE
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Philip A. Wolf, MD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
N01-HC-25195 (Wolf) 10/01/01-03/31/15 NIH/NHLBI The Framingham Heart Study 2 R01 AG16495 (Wolf) 12/01/98-08/31/17 NIH/NIA MRI, Genetic and Cognitive Precursors of AD and Dementia 2 R01 NS017950-28 (Wolf) 07/01/09-06/30/14 NIH/NINDS Precursors of Stroke Incidence and Prognosis R01 AG08122 (Wolf & Seshadri) 01/01/10-05/31/15 NIH/NIA Epidemiology of Dementia in the Framingham Study 1 R01 AG033040-01 (Wolf) 01/15/09-12/31/13 NIA/NINDS MRI, Cognitive, Genetic & Biomarker Precursors of AD & Dementia in Young Adults R01-AG029451 (Murabito) 05/01/08-04/30/13 NIH/NIA Exceptional Aging Across the Life Span: Framingham Study 1R01NS070307-01(Hylek,PI) 09/30/10 -07/31/13 NIH/NINDS Effect of Statins and Modifiable Factors on Stroke Outcome in Atrial Fibrillation
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NONE
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NONE
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NONE
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NONE
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NONE
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Yunyun Xiong, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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NONE
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NONE
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Shuhei Yamaguchi, MD, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, associate editor, 10 years
Patents:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, 18K07558, 2018-2020
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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NONE
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David J. Werring, FRCP, PhD
From the Stroke Research Center, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology (Y.Y., D.W., A.C., D.J.W.), and Department of Statistical Science (G.A.), UCL, London, UK; Division of Neurology (Y.Y., H.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology (A.B., S.R.P., J.R.R., S.S., P.A.W.), Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Department of Biostatistics (A.B., S.R.P.), Boston University, MA; Department of Radiology (M.A.v.B.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University of California Davis; Department of Neurology (D.D.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Icelandic Heart Association (V.G.), Kopavogur; University of Iceland (V.G.), Reykjavik; Department of Neurosurgery (T.I.), Kushiro City General Hospital; Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation (K.K.), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Department of Neurology (H.-M.K.), SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Intramural Research Program (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Center for Prevention of Dementia (V.M., Z.W., Y.X.), Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Stroke and Aging Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Science at Monash Health (T.P., V.S.), and Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health and Clinical School, Central Clinical School (V.S.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Center for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (Y. Takashima), Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Y. Tsushima), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Research Program for Diagnostic and Molecular Imaging (Y. Tsushima), Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi; and Department of Neurology (S.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Serving on scientific advisory boards for Allergan, Bayer, IXICO, and Amgen.
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Funding for speaking at educational meetings by Bayer.
Editorial Boards:
1.
European Stroke Journal, Editorial Board Member, from 2016. Practical Neurology, Editorial Board Member, from 2018.
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
Cerebral Microbleeds: Pathophysiology to Clinical Practice Cambridge University Press. Published 2011
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Ixico Ltd. Provided input for a project on imaging of cerebral haemorrhage. Amgen - advisory board on PCSK9 inhibitors Bayer - advisory board on embolic stroke
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
Bayer - fees for debates on anticoagulation and cerebral hemorrhage
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Dr Werring was UK CI for clinical trials sponsored and funded by Pfizer.
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
Clinical Senior Lectureship Award from Department of Health / Higher Education Funding Council For England 2008-2013
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Grant funding from The Stroke Association / British Heart Foundation, and from the Rosetrees Trust.
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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1.
NONE
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View all articles by this author

Notes

Correspondence Dr. Werring [email protected]
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
*
These authors contributed equally to this work.

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