Articles
June 27, 2012
Environmental risk factors for REM sleep behavior disorder
A multicenter case-control study
R.B. Postuma, MD, MSc, J.Y. Montplaisir, MD, PhD, A. Pelletier, PhD, Y. Dauvilliers, MD, PhD, W. Oertel, MD, A. Iranzo, MD, L. Ferini-Strambi, MD, PhD, … Show All … , I. Arnulf, MD, PhD, B. Hogl, MD, R. Manni, MD, T. Miyamoto, MD, PhD, G. Mayer, MD, K. Stiasny-Kolster, MD, M. Puligheddu, MD, Y. Ju, MD, P. Jennum, MD, K. Sonka, MD, PhD, J. Santamaria, MD, M.L. Fantini, MD, MSc, M. Zucconi, MD, S. Leu-Semenescu, MD, B. Frauscher, MD, M. Terzaghi, MD, M. Miyamoto, MD, PhD, M.M. Unger, MD, V. Cochen De Cock, MD, PhD, and C. Wolfson, PhD Show FewerAuthors Info & Affiliations
Abstract
Objective:
Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder is a parasomnia characterized by dream enactment and is commonly a prediagnostic sign of parkinsonism and dementia. Since risk factors have not been defined, we initiated a multicenter case-control study to assess environmental and lifestyle risk factors for REM sleep behavior disorder.
Methods:
Cases were patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder who were free of dementia and parkinsonism, recruited from 13 International REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Study Group centers. Controls were matched according to age and sex. Potential environmental and lifestyle risk factors were assessed via standardized questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, and center was conducted to investigate the environmental factors.
Results:
A total of 694 participants (347 patients, 347 controls) were recruited. Among cases, mean age was 67.7 ± 9.6 years and 81.0% were male. Cases were more likely to smoke (ever smokers = 64.0% vs 55.5%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.43, p = 0.028). Caffeine and alcohol use were not different between cases and controls. Cases were more likely to report previous head injury (19.3% vs 12.7%, OR = 1.59, p = 0.037). Cases had fewer years of formal schooling (11.1 ± 4.4 years vs 12.7 ± 4.3, p < 0.001), and were more likely to report having worked as farmers (19.7% vs 12.5% OR = 1.67, p = 0.022) with borderline increase in welding (17.8% vs 12.1%, OR = 1.53, p = 0.063). Previous occupational pesticide exposure was more prevalent in cases than controls (11.8% vs 6.1%, OR = 2.16, p = 0.008).
Conclusions:
Smoking, head injury, pesticide exposure, and farming are potential risk factors for idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder.
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Copyright © 2012 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.
Publication History
Received: August 31, 2011
Accepted: December 29, 2011
Published online: June 27, 2012
Published in print: July 31, 2012
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Disclosure
The authors report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures.
Authors
Affiliations & Disclosures
R.B. Postuma, MD, MSc
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Teva Neurosciences, Panel Member, 2008
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Allergan, 2011; Teva Neurosciences, 2011
Editorial Boards:
1.
Editorial Board, Movement Disorders Journal; Editorial Board, Journal of Caffeine Research
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
Operating Grant - Canadian Institute of Health Research/Parkinson Society of Canada, grant number 201317, Principal Investigator (10/2009 – 10/2011); Operating Grant – Canadian Institute of Health Research, grant number 192205, co-Principal Investigator (07/2009 – 06/2010); 3. Operating Grant - Canadian Institute of Health Research, grant number 166206 Co-investigator (07/2007 to 06/2012); An Emerging Team in Mobility in Aging Operating Grant - Canadian Institute of Health Research, Co-investigator (01/2009 – 12/1013); Fonds de Recherche de la Sante Quebec, grant number 9965, Principal Investigator (2006-2009)
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Operating Grant – Weston Foundation, Prinicipal Investigator (01/2009 – 01/2011); Operating grant - Drummond Foundation, Principal Investigator (01/2008 - 04/2009)
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
J.Y. Montplaisir, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Servier, advisor, 2009; Merck, advisor, 2009
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
GlaxoSmithKline, World Congress of Sleep Apnea, speaker, Korea 2009; Sanofi-Aventis, The Art of Good SleepMeeting, speaker, France 2009; Valeant Pharmaceutical, Speaker 2010 and 2011; Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Speaker, Japan 2011
Editorial Boards:
1.
Associate editor: Sleep Medicine; Associate editor: Sleep Medicine Reviews
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Sanofi-Aventis, 2009 - Unraleted to the study Merck 2010 - Unraleted to the study GlaxoSmithKline 2011 - Unralted to the study
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
PI: CIHR - MOP-62955 - 2008-2013; PI: CIHR - NFP-88373 – 2008 – 2008; PI: CIHR- MGC-77493 – 2005-2010; PI: CIHR - MOP 74542 – 2005-2010; Co-PI: CIHR - MOP- 173519 – 2007-2012; Co-PI: CIHR - MOP-64221 – 2007-2012; Co-PI: CIHR - MOP 11701 – 2006-2011
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
A. Pelletier, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Y. Dauvilliers, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Pr. Dauvilliers has consulted for UCB Pharma, Sanofi- Aventis, Cephalon, Bioprojet, and Novartis
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Pr. Dauvilliers has consulted for UCB Pharma, Sanofi- Aventis, Cephalon, Bioprojet, and Novartis
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Pr. Dauvilliers has consulted for UCB Pharma, Sanofi- Aventis, Cephalon, Bioprojet, and Novartis Speakers’ Bureaus: Pr. Dauvilliers has consulted for UCB Pharma, Sanofi- Aventis, Cephalon, Bioprojet, and Novartis
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
W. Oertel, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Boehringer Ingelheim; Merck-Serono; Merck-Sharp and Dohme; Novartis; UCB
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Boehringer Ingelheim; Novartis; Orion-Pharma; Phytopharm; UCB; Teva
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Desitin; Novartis; Phytopharm; Bioprojet; UCB
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Michael J Fox Foundation; International Parkinson Foundation; National Parkinson Foundation
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
pramipexol in the indication therapy of restless legs syndrome - Boehringer Ingelheim
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
A. Iranzo, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
L. Ferini-Strambi, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Served on the scientific advisory boards for UCB-Pharma, Boehringer-Ingheleim, GSK, Sanofi-Aventis, Transcept Pharma
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Sleep Medicine, Field Editor, (2008-2010)
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
I. Arnulf, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
UCB Pharmaceutical, scientific advisory board, 2009- 2011; Sanofi Adventice, one meeting for giving advice, 2010
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
UCB pharmaceutical, 2009, Received travel expenses and speaker honoraria; Sanofi Adventice, received speaker honoraria
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
France Health Ministry (PHRC AOM07-138), PI, 2008- 2011 (narcolepsy bank)
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Kleine-Levin Syndrome Foundation, 2011
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
B. Hogl, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
UCB; Boehringer Ingelheim; GSK; Pfizer
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
UCB; Otsuka; Boehringer Ingelheim; GSK; Pfizer; Cephalon; Sanofi
Editorial Boards:
1.
J Clin Sleep Med; Sleep Med; Somnologie
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
Sleep Medicine, Cambridge University Press, 2008
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
UCB; Boehringer Ingelheim; GSK; Pfizer
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
Austrian National Bank Anniversary Funds (grant number 12594)
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
R. Manni, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Epilepsy research and treatment; Associate editor; 2009- 2010
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
T. Miyamoto, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
G. Mayer, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
UCB Pharma; Genzyme; Paul Ehrlich Institute
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
UCB Pharma, Brussels, Belgium; Genzyme, Neu Isenburg, Germany; Lilly Germany; Takeda, Japan
Editorial Boards:
1.
Editor of German Journal
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Cephalon sponsored study on modafinils effect on patients with idiopathic hypersomnia
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg Germany
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
K. Stiasny-Kolster, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
I received honoraria for serving on the scientific advisory boards for UCB.
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
I received honoraria for speaking engagements sponsored by UCB
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
I received honoraria for consulting activities from UCB Speakers’ Bureaus: I received honoraria for speaking engagements sponsored by UCB
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
M. Puligheddu, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Y. Ju, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
American Sleep Medicine Foundation
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
P. Jennum, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
K. Sonka, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
UCB Pharma
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Prague Medical Report, 1992 - 2011; Neurologie pro praxi, 2003 - 2011; Neurologia (Bratislava), 2005 - 2011 Speakers’ Bureaus:; GlaxoSmithKline; UCB Pharma
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
Clinical trial participation: UCB Pharma; Clinical trial participation: Bioprojet
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic - grant VZ 0021620816
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
J. Santamaria, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
I perform polysomnographic studies in an Academic Public Health System Hospital in Barcelona)30% of my working time Neurology Service,Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
M.L. Fantini, MD, MSc
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
M. Zucconi, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
S. Leu-Semenescu, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
B. Frauscher, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Cephalon, UCB: support for congress participation.
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Pfitzer Inc., Mundipharma
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
UCB: paid speaking engagement
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
M. Terzaghi, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
M. Miyamoto, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
M.M. Unger, MD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson Research
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
V. Cochen De Cock, MD, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
Travel grants from Bohringer Ingelheim, Glaxo Smith Klein . Speaker honoraria from Lundbeck and UCB
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
C. Wolfson, PhD
From the Departments of Neurology (R.B.P., A.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (J.Y.M.), McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal; Centre d'Études Avancées en Médecine du Sommeil (R.B.P., J.Y.M.), Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (C.W.), Montreal; Department of Psychiatry (A.P., C.W.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Neurology (Y.D., V.C.D.C.), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France; Philipps-Universität (W.O., K.S.-K., M.M.U.), Marburg, Germany; Neurology Service (A.I., J.S.), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; Sleep Disorders Center (L.F.-S., M.L.F., M.Z.), Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Unité des Pathologies du Sommeil (I.A., S.L.-S.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, and Inserm U975-CRICM-Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (B.H., B.F.), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Sleep Medicine (R.M., M.T.), National Institute of Neurology IRCCS “C. Mondino Foundation,” Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Hephata Klinik (G.M.), Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Germany; Sleep Center (M.P.), Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Washington University Multidisciplinary Sleep Center (Y.J.), St. Louis, MO; Danish Center for Sleep Medicine (P.J.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology (K.S.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; and Department of Neurology (M.M.), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers’ Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
Notes
Study funding: Funded by grants from the Fonds de la Recherche en Sante Quebec.
Correspondence & reprint requests to Dr. Postuma: [email protected]
Author Contributions
R.B. Postuma was responsible for drafting the manuscript, study concept, acquisition of data, and analysis and interpretation of data. C. Wolfson was responsible for study concept, interpretation of data, and revision of manuscript. A. Pelletier was responsible for interpretation of data and revision of manuscript. J.Y. Montplaisir and Y. Dauvilliers were responsible for acquisition of data, analysis of data, and revision of the manuscript. W. Oertel, A. Iranzo, L. Ferini-Strambi, I. Arnulf, B. Hogl, R. Manni, T. Miyamoto, G. Mayer, K. Stiasny-Kolster, M. Puligheddu, Y. Ju, P. Jennum, K. Sonka, J. Santamaria, M.L. Fantini, M. Zucconi, S. Leu-Semenescu, B. Frauscher, M. Miyamoto, M. Terzaghi, M. Miyamoto, M. Unger, and V. Cochen De Cock were responsible for acquisition of data and revision of the manuscript.
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