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July 5, 2017

Poor sleep is associated with CSF biomarkers of amyloid pathology in cognitively normal adults

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Kate E. Sprecher, MS, Rebecca L. Koscik, PhD, Cynthia M. Carlsson, MD, Henrik Zetterberg, PhD, MD, Kaj Blennow, PhD, MD, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, PhD, Mark A. Sager, MD, Sanjay Asthana, MD, Sterling C. Johnson, PhD, Ruth M. Benca, MD, PhD, and Barbara B. Bendlin, PhDAuthors Info & Affiliations
August 1, 2017 issue
89 (5) 445-453
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004171
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Abstract

Objective:

To determine the relationship between sleep quality and CSF markers of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology in late midlife.

Methods:

We investigated the relationship between sleep quality and CSF AD biomarkers in a cohort enriched for parental history of sporadic AD, the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. A total of 101 participants (mean age 62.9 ± 6.2 years, 65.3% female) completed sleep assessments and CSF collection and were cognitively normal. Sleep quality was measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale. CSF was assayed for biomarkers of amyloid metabolism and plaques (β-amyloid 42 [Aβ42]), tau pathology (phosphorylated tau [p-tau] 181), neuronal/axonal degeneration (total tau [t-tau], neurofilament light [NFL]), neuroinflammation/astroglial activation (monocyte chemoattractant protein–1 [MCP-1], chitinase-3-like protein 1 [YKL-40]), and synaptic dysfunction/degeneration (neurogranin). To adjust for individual differences in total amyloid production, Aβ42 was expressed relative to Aβ40. To assess cumulative pathology, CSF biomarkers were expressed in ratio to Aβ42. Relationships among sleep scores and CSF biomarkers were assessed with multiple regression, controlling for age, sex, time between sleep and CSF measurements, and CSF assay batch.

Results:

Worse subjective sleep quality, more sleep problems, and daytime somnolence were associated with greater AD pathology, indicated by lower CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 and higher t-tau/Aβ42, p-tau/Aβ42, MCP-1/Aβ42, and YKL-40/Aβ42. There were no significant associations between sleep and NFL or neurogranin.

Conclusions:

Self-report of poor sleep was associated with greater AD-related pathology in cognitively healthy adults at risk for AD. Effective strategies exist for improving sleep; therefore sleep health may be a tractable target for early intervention to attenuate AD pathogenesis.

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Supplementary Material

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Neurology®
Volume 89 • Number 5 • August 1, 2017
Pages: 445-453
PubMed: 28679595

Copyright

© 2017 American Academy of Neurology.

Publication History

Received: August 28, 2016
Accepted: April 14, 2017
Published online: July 5, 2017
Published in print: August 1, 2017

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Disclosure

K. Sprecher, R. Koscik, and C. Carlsson report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. H. Zetterberg is co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB, a GU Venture-based platform company at the University of Gothenburg. K. Blennow served as a consultant or at advisory boards for Eli Lilly, Fujirebio Europe, IBL International, Novartis, and Roche Diagnostics, and is co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB, a GU Venture-based platform company at the University of Gothenburg. O. Okonkwo, M. Sager, S. Asthana, and S. Johnson report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. R. Benca has served as a consultant to Merck, Janssen, and Jazz, and receives grant support from Merck. B. Bendlin reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures.

Study Funding

This research was funded by grants R01 AG027161, R01 AG021155, ADRC P50 AG033514, R01 AG037639, and National Research Service Award F31 AG048732 from the National Institute on Aging, and by the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program, through the NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), grant UL1TR000427.

Authors

Affiliations & Disclosures

Kate E. Sprecher, MS
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
(1) National Institute on Aging, National Research Service Award F31 AG048732, PI, 2015-2017
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Rebecca L. Koscik, PhD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
(1) Sponsor: NIH Grant Number: R01 AG027161 Role: Collaborator Years: 4/1/13 to 3/31/18
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Cynthia M. Carlsson, MD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
I receive research funding from the VA (I01 CX001261), NIH (AG033514), and serve as site PI for the A4 study (funded jointly by NIH and Lilly)
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
I am employed by the Madison VA Hospital. I receive research funding from the VA (I01 CX001261), NIH (AG033514), and serve as site PI for the A4 study (funded jointly by NIH and Lilly)
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Henrik Zetterberg, PhD, MD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Associate Editor Alzheimer's & Dementia, Associate Editor DADM, Associate Senior Editor
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
HZ is co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB, a GU Venture-based platform company at the University of Gothenburg.
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
(1) The Swedish Research Council (K2010-63P-21562-01-4, K2011-61X-20401-05-6); (2) Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG-144341); (3) VINNOVA; (4) the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; (5) the European Research Council; and (6) Frimurarestiftelsen
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Kaj Blennow, PhD, MD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
Dr Blennow has served at advisory boards or as a consultant for Alzheon, Eli Lilly, Fujirebio Europe, IBL International, and Roche Diagnostics.
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
Novartis
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
Co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB, a GU Venture-based platform company at the University of Gothenburg
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
The Research Council, Sweden (project # 14002) and LUA/ALF project, V?stra G?talandsregionen, Sweden (project # ALFGBG-11019)
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
The Torsten S?derberg Foundation at the royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Alzheimer Foundation, Sweden, the Stiftelsen f?r Gamla Tj?narinnor, Stockholm, Sweden and Hj?rnfonden, Sweden.
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Ozioma C. Okonkwo, PhD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Associate Editor, Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2017-present
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
1. NIH, P50 AG033514-S1, PI, 14 months. 2. NIH, K23 AG045957, PI, 12 months. 3. NIH R21AG051858
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
Alzheimer's Association, NIRGD 305257 Extendicare Foundation
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Mark A. Sager, MD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
NONE
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NIA RO1 AG 027161, PI, 2007-2011
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Sanjay Asthana, MD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
1) Review Editor - Frontiers of Neuroscience; 2009 - Present 2) Associate Editor - Text book, entitled Hazzard's Geriatrics and Gerontology
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
Associate Editor - Text book, entitled Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
Received research grant support as a site PI from the following companies to conduct clinical trials in patients with Alzheimer's disease (1) Wyeth Pharmaceutical, (2) Elan Pharmaceutical, (3) Eli Lilly, (4) Pfizer Pharmaceutical, 5) Merck, 6) Lundbeck, 7) Toyoma Chemicals
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
(1) NIH/NIA 1P50 AG033514-01, PI, 5/01/09-3/31/2014; (2) NIH/NIA 1RO1 AG029624-01, PI, 4/15/07-3/31/2012; (3) NIH/NIA 5KO7 AG021582, PI, 4/15/06-1/31/2011; (4) NIH/NIA 2T32 AG00213-17, PI, 7/1/1991-4/30/2012; (5) NIH/NIA 1RO1 AG027161, Co-I, 4/15/07-3/31/2012; (6) NIH/NIA UO1 AG- 10483 Alzheimer?s Disease Cooperative Study, UW Site PI, 10/1/09-6/30/2012; (7) NIH/NIA UO1 Alzheimer?s Disease Cooperative Study, UW Site PI, 7/1/08-6/30/2011; (8) NIH/NIA UO1 127-01-ADNI-024, UW Site Co-I, 6/1/05- Ongoing; (9) NIH/NIA, NACC Subcontract 5 UO1 AG016976, PI, 7/1/2010-3/31/2014; (10) Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Office of Academic Affiliations, PI, 12/1/06-open; (11) Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Cooperative Study Program (CSP), Site PI and Member of the Study Executive Committee, 7/1/07-open; (12) State of Wisconsin, PI, 7/1/05-Recurring; (13) ADCS/NIA studies as a site PI
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
John A. Hartford Foundation Role: (PI) Period of Funding: 1/1/08-Present
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Sterling C. Johnson, PhD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
1. Neuropsychology, editorial board member, 2009 to present 2. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, editorial board member, 2011 to present 3. Brain Imaging and Behavior, Associate editor
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NIH Study Panel member for >10 review sessions of the past two years
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
1. NIH R01AG021155, PI, 04-21 2. NIH P50 AG033514, core Leader, 09-19 3. NIH R01AG031790, Coinvestigator, 3 years 4. NIH R01 AG027161, PI, 2014-2018
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Ruth M. Benca, MD, PhD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
(1) Merck
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
(1) Sleep, Deputy Editor through December 2006-2016 (2) UpToDate, Section Editor, 2011-present (3) Editor-in-chief, Current Sleep Medicine Reports, 2014-present
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
Sleep Disorders: The Clinician's Guide to Diagnosis and Management, Oxford University Press, 2011.
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
(1) Janssen
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author
Barbara B. Bendlin, PhD
From the Department of Medicine and Neuroscience Training Program (K.E.S.) and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute (R.L.K., C.M.C., O.C.O., M.A.S., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.); Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (C.M.C., O.C.O., S.A., S.C.J., B.B.B.), Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology (H.Z., K.B.), University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (R.M.B.), University of California, Irvine.
Disclosure
Scientific Advisory Boards:
1.
NONE
Gifts:
1.
NONE
Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
1.
NONE
Editorial Boards:
1.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease; Associate Editor; term ending 12/31/2018
Patents:
1.
NONE
Publishing Royalties:
1.
NONE
Employment, Commercial Entity:
1.
NONE
Consultancies:
1.
NONE
Speakers' Bureaus:
1.
NONE
Other Activities:
1.
NONE
Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Commercial Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Government Entities:
1.
1) NIH/NIA, Alzheimer's Disease Connectome Project, U01AG051216, 04/01/2016 - 03/31/2020, role: PI 2) NIH/NIA, ADRC Project 2: Midlife Insulin Resistance and obesity: Risk factors for AD-related brain change P50 AG033514 Project, 4/1/2014?3/31/2019, role: PI 3) NIH/NIA, White matter degeneration: biomarkers in preclinical Alzheimer's disease, R01AG037639, 4/1/2012 ? 3/31/2017, role: PI 4) NIH/NIA, Apnea and local sleep: Mechanism and intervention in preclinical Alzheimer's, R56AG052698, 09/30/2016 - 08/31/2017, Role: PI 5) NIH/NIA Diet and Exercise Trial to Improve Insulin Resistance, R21AG053738, 6/1/14 ? 5/31/16, Role: PI 6) NIH/NIA, Wisconsin Alzheimer?s Disease Research Center: NeuroImaging Core, P50 AG033514, 5/1/14 ? 3/31/19 Role: Co-Investigator 7) NIH, Center for Predictive Computational Phenotyping NIH 1U54AI117924, 9/1/14?8/31/19, Role: Project Collaborator
Research Support, Academic Entities:
1.
NONE
Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options/board of Directors Compensation:
1.
NONE
License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Research Sponsor:
1.
NONE
Stock/stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
1.
NONE
Legal Proceedings:
1.
NONE
View all articles by this author

Notes

Correspondence to K.E. Sprecher: [email protected]
Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.

Author Contributions

Kate Sprecher: design of the study, analysis and interpretation of the data, drafting and revising the manuscript. Rebecca L. Koscik: design of the study, interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript. Cynthia M. Carlsson: interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript. Henrik Zetterberg: analysis and interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript. Kaj Blennow: analysis and interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript. Ozioma C. Okonkwo: interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript. Mark A. Sager: design of the study, revising the manuscript. Sanjay Asthana: revising the manuscript. Sterling C. Johnson: interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript. Ruth M. Benca: design of the study, interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript. Barbara B. Bendlin: design of the study, interpretation of the data, revising the manuscript.

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